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歉. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
歉, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
歉 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
歉 you have here. The definition of the word
歉 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
歉, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
歉 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿金弓人 (TCNO) or 難廿金弓人 (XTCNO), four-corner 87282, composition ⿰兼欠)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 570, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16159
- Dae Jaweon: page 958, character 30
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2148, character 11
- Unihan data for U+6B49
Chinese
Glyph origin
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 譧
|
*r'eːms
|
| 賺
|
*r'eːms
|
| 尲
|
*kreːm
|
| 鹻
|
*kreːmʔ
|
| 歉
|
*kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms
|
| 槏
|
*kʰreːmʔ
|
| 鰜
|
*ɡreːm, *keːm
|
| 稴
|
*ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm
|
| 豏
|
*ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms
|
| 甉
|
*ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm
|
| 廉
|
*ɡ·rem
|
| 鎌
|
*ɡ·rem
|
| 鬑
|
*ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
|
| 鐮
|
*ɡ·rem
|
| 簾
|
*ɡ·rem
|
| 薕
|
*ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
|
| 蠊
|
*ɡ·rem
|
| 嬚
|
*ɡ·remʔ
|
| 溓
|
*ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ
|
| 嵰
|
*kʰremʔ
|
| 隒
|
*ŋɡremʔ
|
| 熑
|
*ɡ·reːm
|
| 濂
|
*ɡ·reːm
|
| 燫
|
*ɡ·reːm
|
| 兼
|
*keːm, *keːms
|
| 縑
|
*keːm
|
| 鶼
|
*keːm
|
| 蒹
|
*keːm
|
| 搛
|
*keːm
|
| 謙
|
*kʰeːm
|
| 膁
|
*kʰeːmʔ
|
| 嗛
|
*kʰeːmʔ
|
| 慊
|
*kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb
|
| 傔
|
*kʰeːms
|
| 馦
|
*qʰeːm
|
| 嫌
|
*ɡeːm
|
| 鼸
|
*ɡeːmʔ
|
| 尷
|
*kreːm
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms) : phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms) + semantic 欠 (“person with mouth open”) to convey the original meaning of feeling hunger after eating. The phonetic component 兼 could be a reference to food since it represents a hand holding two crop plants.
Pronunciation
| Rime
|
| Character
|
歉
|
歉
|
歉
|
| Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
| Initial (聲)
|
溪 (29)
|
溪 (29)
|
溪 (29)
|
| Final (韻)
|
添 (157)
|
咸 (151)
|
咸 (151)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Rising (X)
|
Rising (X)
|
Departing (H)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Open
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
IV
|
II
|
II
|
| Fanqie
|
苦簟切
|
苦減切
|
口陷切
|
| Baxter
|
khemX
|
kheamX
|
kheamH
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/kʰemX/
|
/kʰˠɛmX/
|
/kʰˠɛmH/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/kʰemX/
|
/kʰᵚæmX/
|
/kʰᵚæmH/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/kʰɛmX/
|
/kʰɐmX/
|
/kʰɐmH/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/kʰɛmX/
|
/kʰəɨmX/
|
/kʰəɨmH/
|
Li
Rong
|
/kʰemX/
|
/kʰɐmX/
|
/kʰɐmH/
|
Wang
Li
|
/kʰiemX/
|
/kʰɐmX/
|
/kʰɐmH/
|
Bernhard
Karlgren
|
/kʰiemX/
|
/kʰămX/
|
/kʰămH/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
qiǎn
|
qiǎn
|
qiàn
|
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
|
him2
|
haam2
|
haam3
|
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
歉
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
qiàn
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ khɛmH ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*kʰˁremʔ-s/
|
| English
|
deficient, modest
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
歉
|
歉
|
歉
|
歉
|
| Reading #
|
1/4
|
2/4
|
3/4
|
4/4
|
| No.
|
6033
|
6034
|
6071
|
6075
|
Phonetic
component
|
兼
|
兼
|
兼
|
兼
|
Rime
group
|
談
|
談
|
談
|
談
|
Rime
subdivision
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
歉
|
㦿
|
嗛
|
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*kʰreːms/
|
/*kʰreːmʔ/
|
/*kʰeːmʔ/
|
/*kʰeːms/
|
| Notes
|
校本右從攴
|
|
|
|
Definitions
歉
- deficient; lacking; insufficient
- to apologize
- to regret; to be dissatisfied
- crop failure; poor harvest
- (obsolete) to not eat enough food
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
歉
(Hyōgai kanji)
- insufficiency
- lack
- shortage
Readings
Korean
Hanja
歉 • (gyeom) (hangeul 겸, revised gyeom, McCune–Reischauer kyŏm, Yale kyem)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
歉: Hán Nôm readings: gồm, khiểm, khiễm, khiệm
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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