正座
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正座 (seiza): A geisha sitting seiza-style.
Chinese
just (right); main; upright just (right); main; upright; straight; correct; principle; Chinese 1st month of year |
seat; base; stand seat; base; stand; measure word for large, solid things | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (正座) |
正 | 座 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngzuò
- Wade–Giles: chêng4-tso4
- Yale: jèng-dzwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqtzuoh
- Palladius: чжэнцзо (čžɛnczo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngzuòr
- Wade–Giles: chêng4-tso4-ʼrh
- Yale: jèng-dzwòr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqtzuoll
- Palladius: чжэнцзор (čžɛnczor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Noun
正座
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 正 | 座 |
| せい Grade: 1 |
ざ Grade: 6 |
| kan'on | goon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 正坐 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
Verb
正座する • (seiza suru) suru (stem 正座し (seiza shi), past 正座した (seiza shita))
- to sit in the seiza way
Conjugation
Conjugation of "正座する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 正座し | せいざし | seiza shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 正座し | せいざし | seiza shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 正座する | せいざする | seiza suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 正座する | せいざする | seiza suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 正座すれ | せいざすれ | seiza sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 正座せよ¹ 正座しろ² |
せいざせよ¹ せいざしろ² |
seiza seyo¹ seiza shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 正座される | せいざされる | seiza sareru | |
| Causative | 正座させる 正座さす |
せいざさせる せいざさす |
seiza saseru seiza sasu | |
| Potential | 正座できる | せいざできる | seiza dekiru | |
| Volitional | 正座しよう | せいざしよう | seiza shiyō | |
| Negative | 正座しない | せいざしない | seiza shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 正座せず | せいざせず | seiza sezu | |
| Formal | 正座します | せいざします | seiza shimasu | |
| Perfective | 正座した | せいざした | seiza shita | |
| Conjunctive | 正座して | せいざして | seiza shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 正座すれば | せいざすれば | seiza sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Descendants
- → English: seiza
See also
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 正 | 座 |
| しょう Grade: 1 |
ざ Grade: 6 |
| goon | |
Pronunciation
Noun
- the seat of honor (where honored guests should sit), the seat in the front
Synonyms
- 横座 (yokoza)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 正 | 座 |