武士

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 武士

武士

1. warrior; fighter
2. soldier
3. (historical) member of a powerful military caste (in medieval Europe or Japan); samurai
4. (historical) palace guard

• (warrior):

• (soldier):

• (samurai): 日本武士

From Old Japanese,^[1] in turn from Middle Chinese 武士 (MC mjuX dzriX). Compare modern Min Nan pronunciation bú-sǐr. First cited to a portion of the 続日本紀 (Shoku Nihongi) dated to 721.^[2][3]

Japanese philologist Shinobu Orikuchi postulated in the 1920s that bushi derived instead from 伏 (bushi), the rendaku (連濁) version of fushi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of verb 伏す (fusu, “to bow down, to prostrate”), as found in terms such as 山伏 (yamabushi, “mountain hermit”) and 野伏 (nobushi, “hermit; brigand”). Orikuchi contended that this word arose some time during the Kamakura or Muromachi periods, and that the kanji spelling is ateji (当て字).^[4] However, the term 武士 (bushi) with the kanji spelling is attested already in the Nara period, many centuries earlier. In addition, rendaku only applies to the latter element in compounds, so nominalized verb fushi would not appear as bushi on its own.

• (Tokyo) ぶし (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

武(ぶ)士(し) • (bushi) 

1. (historical, strictly) a professional warrior, a soldier

   Synonyms: 武士 (mononofu), 兵 (tsuwamono), 武芸者 (bugeisha), 武人 (bujin), 武者 (musha)

2. (modern, loosely) a samurai

   Synonym: (more strictly) 侍 (samurai)

In modern popular usage, the terms bushi and samurai are often used in both English and Japanese somewhat loosely to refer to any soldier or warrior during Japan's feudal age (prior to the Meiji period). In historical contexts, these terms may be used with more specific senses, wherein bushi refers to any professional warrior, and samurai refers more strictly to a hereditary social class. See also Samurai on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• 武(ぶ)士(し)に二(に)言(ごん)なし (bushi ni nigon nashi)
• 武(ぶ)士(し)は相(あい)身(み)互(たが)い (bushi wa aimitagai)
• 花(はな)は桜(さくら)木(ぎ)人(ひと)は武(ぶ)士(し) (hana wa sakuragi hito wa bushi)

武(ぶ)士(し) • (Bushi) 

1. a place name
2. a surname

/mo₂no₂no₂pu/ → /mononopu/ → /mononofu/

From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712.^[5]

Regarded as a compound of 物 (mono, “thing”, likely in reference to weapons) +‎ の (no, possessive or genitive particle) +‎ ふ (fu, of uncertain meaning; likely related to the be in 物部 (mononobe)).^[5]

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).

• (Tokyo) もののふ (Nakadaka – )^[6]
• IPA^(key):

武士(もののふ) • (mononofu) 

1. (historical) prior to the Ritsuryō system of the late 500s to late 700s, any of various groups directly serving the imperial family
2. (historical, more generally) a professional warrior, a soldier

   Synonyms: 武士 (bushi), 兵 (tsuwamono), 武芸者 (bugeisha), 武人 (bujin), 武者 (musha)

   • 1885, “抜(ばつ)刀(たう)隊(たい) (Battōtai)”, 外(と)山(やま)正(まさ)一(かず) (Toyama Masakazu) (lyrics):

     皇(み)國(くに)の風(かぜ)と武士(もののふ)

     mikuni no kaze to mononofu

     imperial wind and warriors

   • 1911, “歩兵の本領”, 加藤明勝 (lyrics):

     軍(ぐん)旗(き)守(まも)る武士(もののふ)

     gunki mamoru mononofu

     warriors protecting their flag

• 武士(もののふ)の道(みち) (mononofu no michi)

• 物部(もののべ) (mononobe)

Various nanori readings.

武(たけ)士(し) • (Takeshi) 

1. a place name
2. a surname
3. a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

武士(たけひと) • (Takehito) 

1. a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

武士 • (musa) (hangeul 무사)

1. hanja form^? of 무사 (“warrior”)

武士

1. chữ Hán form of võ sĩ (“combat sport contender; warrior; samurai”).

• 武士道 (võ sĩ đạo)