汕頭

Chinese

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 汕頭 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 汕頭 (Cantonese)
• Sân-thèu-sṳ (Hakka)
• Sáng-tàu (Eastern Min)
• Sòaⁿ-thâu (Southern Min)
• 汕头 (Wu)
• Shantou (English)

Etymology

While the modern Teochew pronunciation contains the first syllable in the yinping (陰平／阴平) tone, as attested in Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular by Lim Hiong Seng, it appears that historically the first syllable of the toponym had the yinqu (陰去／阴去) tone. The pronunciation Suàⁿ-thâu is recorded in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect by Adele M. Fielde and English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular Or Spoken Language of Swatow by William Duffus.

The toponym is a shortening of 沙汕頭／沙汕头. In 1717, a fort, 沙汕頭砲臺, was constructed in the area, which was then under the administration of Chenghai (澄海) county. Both 沙汕頭／沙汕头 and 汕頭／汕头 are attested in 潮州海防圖說 by official Lan Dingyuan (藍鼎元). 沙汕 is cognate with Hokkien 沙線／沙线 (soa-sòaⁿ, “sandbank”).

Pronunciation

Proper noun

汕頭

1. (～市) Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)

Synonyms

• 鮀城／𬶍城 (Tuóchéng)
• 鮀島／𬶍岛 (Tuódǎo)

Derived terms

Descendants

Others:

• → English: Shantou, Swatow
  • → Japanese: 汕頭(スワトウ) (Suwatō)
• → Japanese: 汕頭(シャントウ) (Shantō)
• → Korean: 산터우 (Santeou)
• → Thai: ซัวเถา (suua-tǎo)

Japanese

Etymology 1

From English Swatow, from Teochew 汕頭／汕头 (suan1 tao5).

Alternative forms

• 汕頭(せんとう) (Sentō), 汕頭(シャントウ) (Shantō)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Proper noun

汕頭(スワトウ) • (Suwatō) ^{←スワタウ (swatau)?}

1. Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)

Etymology 2

The Sino-Japanese reading of Chinese 汕頭／汕头 (Shàntóu).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Proper noun

汕(せん)頭(とう) • (Sentō) ^{←せんとう (sentou)?}

1. Alternative form of 汕頭 (Suwatō, “Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)”)

Etymology 3

From Mandarin 汕頭／汕头 (Shàntóu).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Proper noun

汕頭(シャントウ) • (Shantō) 

1. Alternative form of 汕頭 (Suwatō, “Shantou (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)”)