沖

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

沖 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水中 (EL), four-corner 3510₆, composition ⿰氵中)

Derived characters

• 𥁵

Related characters

• 冲 (Simplified Chinese) - Note: also the simplified form of 衝

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17209
• Dae Jaweon: page 1004, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1565, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6C96

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沖
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs).

Pronunciation

Definitions

沖

1. to pour water on; to rinse; to flush; to wash

   我覺得我得回家沖個澡。 [MSC, trad.]
   我觉得我得回家冲个澡。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ juéde wǒ děi huíjiā chōng ge zǎo.

   I think I'll go home and have a shower.

   許多房屋被洪水沖走了。 [MSC, trad.]
   许多房屋被洪水冲走了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Xǔduō fángwū bèi hóngshuǐ chōngzǒu le.

   A lot of houses were washed away by the flood.

   他用水沖了把臉，然後刷牙。 [MSC, trad.]
   他用水冲了把脸，然后刷牙。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā yòng shuǐ chōng le bǎ liǎn, ránhòu shuāyá.

   He splashed water on his face, then brushed his teeth.

   沖馬桶／冲马桶  ―  chōng mǎtǒng  ―  to flush the toilet

   沖廁所／冲厕所 [Cantonese]  ―  cung¹ ci³ so²   ―  to flush the toilet

2. to pour (boiling) water in

   沖茶／冲茶  ―  chōng chá  ―  to make tea

   給你的咖啡，按你的口味沖的。 [MSC, trad.]
   给你的咖啡，按你的口味冲的。 [MSC, simp.]

   Gěi nǐ de kāfēi, àn nǐ de kǒuwèi chōng de.

   Here's your coffee, just the way you like it.

3. to soar; to rise; to shoot up

   • 王曰：「此鳥不飛則已，一飛沖天；不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     王曰：「此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Wáng yuē: “Cǐ niǎo bù fēi zé yǐ, yī fēi chōng tiān; bù míng zé yǐ, yī míng jīngrén.”

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. to develop (a film)

   沖膠卷／冲胶卷  ―  chōng jiāojuǎn  ―  to develop a film

5. to offset

   沖喜／冲喜  ―  chōngxǐ  ―  to arrange a "warding-off" wedding

6. (dialectal) flatland in a mountainous area (Classifier: 個／个)
7. Alternative form of 涌 (chōng, “small river”)
8. a surname: Chong

Synonyms

• (to pour boiling water on): 沏 (qī)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じゅう (jū)^{←ぢゆう (dyuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
• Kun: おき (oki, 沖, Jōyō); ひひる (hihiru, 沖る); ひいる (hīru, 沖る)

Etymology

Korean

Hanja

沖 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

沖: Hán Nôm readings: trong, trùng, xung

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville