沢山

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See also: 澤山

Japanese

Kanji in this term
沢 山
たく
Grade: S
(ateji) 		さん
Grade: 1
(ateji)
kan’on
Alternative spelling
澤山 (kyūjitai)

Etymology 1

First appears in The Tale of the Heike (c. late 12th century).

Origin unknown, kanji spelling appears to be phonetic ateji (当て字)

Pronunciation

Adjective

沢(たく)山(さん) • (takusan) †-nari

  1. (Classical Japanese) many, numerous

Noun

沢(たく)山(さん) • (takusan) 

  1. much, many, a lot
Usage notes
  • In classical Japanese, used with なる (naru) to modify nouns:
    沢山(たくさん)なる人々(ひとびと) ― takusan naru hitobito ― many people
  • In modern Japanese, used with the particle の (no) to modify nouns:
    沢山(たくさん)の人々(ひとびと) ― takusan no hitobito ― many people
Synonyms
Derived terms

Adverb

沢(たく)山(さん) • (takusan) 

  1. much, a great deal, liberally, a lot
Usage notes
  • Unlike many other adjectival nouns that have adverbial senses, 沢山 as an adverb omits the particle に (ni) when used before a verb. Compare:
    Correct:  ケーキを静(しず)かに食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake quietly.
    Incorrect:  ケーキを静(しず)か食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka tabemashita. ― We quiet ate cake.
    Incorrect:  ケーキを沢山(たくさん)に食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o takusan ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake manily.
    Correct:  ケーキを沢山(たくさん)食(た)べました。 ― Kēki o takusan tabemashita. ― We ate a lot of cake.

Suffix

沢(たく)山(さん) • (-takusan) 

  1. more than enough
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
沢 山
さわ
Grade: S 		やま
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
澤山 (kyūjitai)

First appeared in the Edo period.

Kun-reading of takusan above.

Alternative forms

Adjective

沢(さわ)山(やま) • (sawayama) ←さはやま (safayama)?†-nari

  1. (joseigo, archaic) many, numerous

Noun

沢(さわ)山(やま) • (sawayama) ←さはやま (safayama)?

  1. (joseigo, archaic) much, a lot
Derived terms

Proper noun

沢(さわ)山(やま) • (Sawayama) ←さはやま (safayama)?

  1. a placename
  2. a surname

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

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