浴びる

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Japanese

Etymology

Kanji in this term
浴
あ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

From the classical upper bigrade verb (バ行上二段活用) 浴ぶ, possibly from Old Japanese 浴む (amu), following 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper bigrade conjugation”).

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 上一段活用 (kami ichidan katsuyō, “upper monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -iru.

Cognate with Okinawan 浴みゆん (amiyun).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「浴びる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		浴びる あびる
Imperative (命令形) 浴びろ あびろ
Key constructions
Passive 浴びられる あびられる
Causative 浴びさせる あびさせる
Potential 浴びられる あびられる
Volitional 浴びよう あびよー
Negative 浴びない あびない
Negative perfective 浴びなかった あびなかった
Formal 浴びます あびます
Perfective 浴びた あびた
Conjunctive 浴びて あびて
Hypothetical conditional 浴びれば あびれば

Verb

浴(あ)びる • (abiru) transitive or intransitive ichidan (stem 浴(あ)び (abi), past 浴(あ)びた (abita))

  1. to bathe, to shower, to take a bath
    お風呂(ふろ)を浴(あ)びてくる。
    Ofuro o abite kuru.
    I'll take a bath.
    シャワーを浴(あ)びてくる。
    Shawā o abite kuru.
    I'll take a shower.
  2. to pour or have something poured on oneself; be bathed, bask (in sunlight)
    日光(にっこう)を浴(あ)びると体内時計(たいないどけい)がリセットされる。
    Nikkō o abiru to tainaidokei ga risetto sareru.
    Exposure to sunlight resets the biological clock.
  3. be washed (by the waves)
  4. to suffer (e.g. an attack); to have abuse heaped upon; to draw criticism upon oneself
    罵声(ばせい)を浴(あ)びることもある。
    Basei o abiru koto mo aru.
    Sometimes you get jeered at.
    集中砲火(しゅうちゅうほうか)を浴(あ)びる。
    Shūchū hōka o abiru.
    To come under concentrated fire. (literally or figuratively)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "浴びる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 浴び あび abi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 浴び あび abi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 浴びる あびる abiru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 浴びる あびる abiru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 浴びれ あびれ abire
Meireikei ("imperative") 浴びよ¹
浴びろ² 		あびよ¹
あびろ² 		abiyo¹
abiro²
Key constructions
Passive 浴びられる あびられる abirareru
Causative 浴びさせる
浴びさす 		あびさせる
あびさす 		abisaseru
abisasu
Potential 浴びられる
浴びれる³ 		あびられる
あびれる³ 		abirareru
abireru³
Volitional 浴びよう あびよう abiyō
Negative 浴びない
浴びぬ
浴びん 		あびない
あびぬ
あびん 		abinai
abinu
abin
Negative continuative 浴びず あびず abizu
Formal 浴びます あびます abimasu
Perfective 浴びた あびた abita
Conjunctive 浴びて あびて abite
Hypothetical conditional 浴びれば あびれば abireba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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