添

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添 U+6DFB, 添
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DFB
← 淺
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 淼 →

Translingual

Han character

添 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水竹大心 (EHKP) or 水一大心 (EMKP), four-corner 32133, composition ⿰氵忝)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 632, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17698
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1039, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1639, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6DFB

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 添
alternative forms 沗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (天) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
添 *tʰiːm
忝 *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms
悿 *tʰiːmʔ
舔 *l̥ʰiːmʔ
菾 *diːm
天 *qʰl'iːn
吞 *qʰl'iːn, *qʰl'ɯːn
祆 *qʰliːn
蚕 *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰiːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 忝 (OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms) – to increase by pouring more water in.

Etymology

Compare Proto-Tai *k.temᴬ (“full”), whence Thai เต็ม (dtem, “full”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • thiⁿ - vernacular;
  • thiam - literary.
Rime
Character 添
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 添 (157)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 他兼切
Baxter them
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰem/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰem/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɛm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰɛm/
Li
Rong 		/tʰem/
Wang
Li 		/tʰiem/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰiem/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		tim1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 添
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tiān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ them ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ˁm/
English add

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 添
Reading # 1/1
No. 12381
Phonetic
component 		天
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		添
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰiːm/

Definitions

添

  1. to add; to increase; to supplement; to fill
    添新衣  ―  tiān xīn yī  ―  to buy new clothes
    不給別人添麻煩／不给别人添麻烦  ―  bù gěi biérén tiān máfan  ―  to not trouble others
  2. to give birth to (a baby)
  3. (Cantonese, Hakka, Wenzhounese) again; more
    Alternative forms: 㖭 (tim1) (Cantonese), 𠻹 (tim1) (Cantonese)
    唔該，要多兩碗白飯添吖！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    唔该，要多两碗白饭添吖！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    m4 goi1, jiu3 do1 loeng5 wun2 baak6 faan6 tim1 aa1!
    Excuse me, two more bowls of steamed rice, please!
    橫掂仲有兩個鐘先上得機，再眠陣添都唔怕。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    横掂仲有两个钟先上得机，再眠阵添都唔怕。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    waang4 dim6 zung6 jau5 loeng5 go3 zung1 sin1 soeng5 dak1 gei1, zoi3 min4 zan6 tim1 dou1 m4 paa3.
    Since there is still two hours before boarding anyway, there's no worry in napping a little more.
  4. (Cantonese) Particle expressing surprise (mirativity).
    Alternative forms: 㖭 (tim1) (Cantonese), 𠻹 (tim1) (Cantonese)
    我仲以為你係中國人添！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    我仲以为你系中国人添！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 zung6 ji5 wai4 nei5 hai6 zung1 gwok3 jan4 tim1!
    And I thought you were Chinese!
    我唔記得嗮添！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    我唔记得嗮添！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 m4 gei3 dak1 saai3 tim1!
    I'd totally forgotten!
    今日落雪添。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    gam1 jat6 lok6 syut3 tim1.
    Oh, it's snowing today.
  5. (Taishanese) need to (do something); have to
    我橫掂都添去。 [Taishanese, trad.]
    我横掂都添去。 [Taishanese, simp.]
    I have to go anyway.
  6. a surname

Synonyms

  • (to add): 加 (jiā), (colloquial) 續／续 (xù)
  • (again):
Dialectal synonyms of 再 (“again”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 再
Mandarin Beijing 再
Taiwan 再
Jinan 再
Xi'an 再
Wuhan 再
Chengdu 又, 再
Yangzhou 再
Hefei 再
Cantonese Guangzhou 再, 添 >
Hong Kong 再, 添 >
Yangjiang 應
Gan Nanchang 再, 湊 >
Hakka Meixian 再, 添 >
Jin Taiyuan 再
Northern Min Jian'ou 再, 唵
Eastern Min Fuzhou 再, 蓋, 介
Fuqing 介
Southern Min Xiamen 閣, 閣再
Quanzhou 閣, 閣再
Zhangzhou 閣, 閣再
Tainan 閣, 閣再
Singapore (Hokkien) 閣, 閣再
Manila (Hokkien) 閣, 閣再, 過再, 閣過再
Chaozhou 再
Wu Shanghai 又, 再
Suzhou 再
Wenzhou 再, 添 >
Xiang Changsha 再
Shuangfeng 再, 還
Note > - used after the object

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Vietnamese: thêm

Japanese

Kanji

添

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to attach

Readings

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 添 (MC them). Recorded as Middle Korean 텸〮 (thyém) (Yale: thyem) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

添 (eumhun 더할 첨 (deohal cheom))

  1. Hanja form? of 첨 (“add”).

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

添: Hán Nôm readings: thêm, thiêm, thếch

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia