濫

Translingual

Han character

濫 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+14 in Chinese, 水+15 in Japanese, 17 strokes in Chinese, 18 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 水尸戈廿 (ESIT) or 水尸一廿 (ESMT), four-corner 3811₇, composition ⿰氵監)

Derived characters

• 蘫(𬞫) 𠑈 𪸄

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 657, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18521
• Dae Jaweon: page 1067, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1766, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6FEB

• Unihan data for U+F922

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

濫

1. to overflow; to flood
2. excessive; indiscriminate
3. (Eastern Min) wet

Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

濫

1. ^† Alternative form of 監／监 (“eunuch, supervisor”)

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: らん (ran, Jōyō)^{←らむ (ramu, historical)}
• Kan-on: らん (ran, Jōyō)^{←らむ (ramu, historical)}
• Kun: あふれる (afureru, 濫れる); ひたす (hitasu, 濫す); みだりに (midarini, 濫りに); みだれる (midareru, 濫れる)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 濫 (MC lamH).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Affix

濫(らん) • (ran) 

1. to overflow
2. excessive; superfluous

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 濫 is mostly replaced by 乱, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Derived terms

(Replaced by 乱 in modern orthography):

(Not replaced by 乱 in modern orthography):

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 濫 (MC lamH).

Pronunciation

• (initial position)
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
• (non-initial position)
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

濫

Wikisource

濫 (eumhun 넘칠 람 (neomchil ram), South Korea 넘칠 남 (neomchil nam))

1. Hanja form^? of 람/남 (“to overflow”).
2. Hanja form^? of 람/남 (“excessive; superfluous”).

Compounds

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

濫: Hán Nôm readings: lạm, giậm, làm, lặm, lòm, lộm, lợm, lụm, luộm, trộm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.