照

See also: 炤

照	U+7167, 照 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7167

← 煦

CJK Unified Ideographs

煨 →

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 677, character 36
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19226
Dae Jaweon: page 1089, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2221, character 1
Unihan data for U+7167

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
刀	*taːw
忉	*taːw
魛	*taːw
舠	*taːw
朷	taːw, moːɡ
叨	tuːw, l̥ʰaːw
倒	taːwʔ, taːws
到	*taːws
菿	taːws, rtaːwɢ
鞀	*deːw
鳭	rteːw, teːw
灱	*hreːw
菬	sdew, tjewʔ
超	*tʰew
怊	tʰew, tʰjew
欩	*tʰew
召	dews, djews
昭	*tjew
招	*tjew
鉊	*tjew
沼	*tjewʔ
照	*tjews
詔	*tjews
炤	*tjews
弨	tʰjew, tʰjewʔ
眧	*tʰjewʔ
韶	*djew
佋	djew, djewʔ
軺	djew, lew
玿	*djew
柖	*djew
紹	*djewʔ
袑	*djewʔ
綤	*djewʔ
邵	*djews
劭	*djews
卲	*djews
刁	*teːw
芀	teːw, deːw
貂	*teːw
蛁	*teːw
迢	*deːw
苕	*deːw
髫	*deːw
岧	*deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjews) : semantic 灬 (“fire”) + phonetic 昭 (OC *tjew) – shine the light of a fire on.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		照
2nd round simp.		⿱𭕄一
alternative forms		燳曌 in Wu Zetian's name 瞾 alternative form of Wu Zetian's name 炤

Exoactive of 昭 (OC *tjew, “bright”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhào (zhao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄠˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zao⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җо (žo, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ziu³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ziau¹
Gan (Wiktionary): zeu⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): cheu

(Meixian, Guangdong): zau⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): zau³
Northern Min (KCR): ciāu
Eastern Min (BUC): ciéu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chiàu / chiò

(Teochew, Peng'im): zio³ / ziê³ / ziao³ / ziou³
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵tsau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhào
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhào
  - Wade–Giles: chao⁴
  - Yale: jàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaw
  - Palladius: чжао (čžao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sau²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җо (žo, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɔ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ziu³
  - Yale: jiu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dziu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: jiu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːu̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ziau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siau³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zeu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛu³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: cheu
  - Hakka Romanization System: zeu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zeu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡seu̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zau⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sau⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zau³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sau⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciāu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siau⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciéu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɛu²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàu
  - Tâi-lô: tsiàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciaux
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡siau⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡siau²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiò
  - Tâi-lô: tsiò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cioix
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sio⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sio²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ²¹/

Note:

chiàu - literary;
chiò - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zio³ / ziê³ / ziao³ / ziou³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiò / tsiè / tsiàu / tsiòu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sio²¹³/, /t͡sie²¹³/, /t͡siau²¹³/, /t͡siou²¹³/

Note:

zio3/ziê3 - vernacular (ziê3 - Chaozhou);
ziao3/ziou3 - literary (ziou3 - Chaozhou).

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsau
  - MiniDict: tsau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɔ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsyewH

Rime
Character	照
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	之少切
Baxter	tsyewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjæu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciaw^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛu^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ziu³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*taw-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjews/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	照
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhào
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyew^H ›
Old Chinese	/*taw-s/
English	shine on
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	照
Reading #	1/1
No.	2132
Phonetic component	刀
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	沼
Old Chinese	/*tjews/

Definitions

照

to shine upon; to illuminate
- 雪白明月照在大地 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
  From: 伍佰, 挪威的森林
  Xuěbái míngyuè zhào zài dàdì
  The bright moon white as snow illuminates the earth
to reflect; to look (in the mirror)
to contrast; to compare
to notify; to inform
to take care of
- 你唔使驚，有大人喺度照住。 [Cantonese, trad.]
  你唔使惊，有大人喺度照住。 [Cantonese, simp.]
  From: 1994, Stephen Chow, in Hail the Judge
  nei⁵ m⁴ sai² geng¹, jau⁵ daai⁶ jan⁴ hai² dou⁶ ziu³ zyu⁶.
  You do not need to be afraid. I am here providing protection .
to take a photo
sunshine; sunlight
photo; photograph; picture
結婚照／结婚照 ― jiéhūnzhào ― wedding photo
license; permit
according to; as; in accordance with
regardless; anyway; continue to
唔應該食嘅都照食落去 [Cantonese, trad.]
唔应该食嘅都照食落去 [Cantonese, simp.]
m⁴ jing¹ goi¹ sik⁶ ge³ dou¹ ziu³ sik⁶ lok⁶ heoi³
to eat something one shouldn't eat anyway
towards; to

Synonyms

(to shine upon): 反射 (fǎnshè), 映 (yìng)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (照):

→ Vietnamese: chiếu (照)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		照
alternative forms		耀炤／照

Pronunciation

Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chhiō / chhiōⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): cio⁷ / ciê⁷ / cion⁷ / ciên⁷

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiō
  - Tâi-lô: tshiō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chioi
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰio³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰio⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰio²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɤ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiōⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tshiōnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chvioi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔ̃²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cio⁷ / ciê⁷ / cion⁷ / ciên⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiō / tshiē / tshiōⁿ / tshiēⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰio¹¹/, /t͡sʰie¹¹/, /t͡sʰĩõ¹¹/, /t͡sʰĩẽ¹¹/

Note: ciê7, ciên7 - Chaozhou.

Definitions

照

(Southern Min) to illuminate; to cast light upon; to light up

Compounds

References

“Entry #9746”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

照

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kun: てる (teru, 照る, Jōyō); てり (teri, 照り); てらす (terasu, 照らす, Jōyō); てれる (tereru, 照れる, Jōyō); てれ (tere, 照れ)
Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); あり (ari); てり (teri); とし (toshi); のぶ (nobu); みつ (mitsu)

Compounds

天(あま)照(てらす) (Amaterasu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
照
しょう Grade: 4
on’yomi

/seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕʲoː/

From Middle Chinese 照 (MC tsyewH).

Affix

照(しょう) • (shō) ^{←せう (seu)^?}

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
照
て(らし) Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Nominalization of 照らし (terashi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 照らす (terasu, “to shine on something, to illuminate something”).

Proper noun

照(てらし) • (Terashi)

a male given name

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 照 (MC tsyewH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 죠ᇢ〮 (Yale: cyów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 죠〯 (cyǒ) (Yale: cyǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
Phonetic hangul:
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

照

Wikisource

照 (eumhun 비칠 조 (bichil jo))

Hanja form^? of 조 (“to illuminate; to shine”).
Hanja form^? of 조 (“to contrast; to compare”).

Compounds

조회 (照會, johoe)
조명 (照明, jomyeong)
참조 (參照, chamjo)
대조 (對照, daejo)
관조 (觀照, gwanjo)
탐조 (探照, tamjo)
일조 (日照, iljo)
조영 (照影, joyeong)
자조 (自照, jajo)
조사 (照射, josa)
사조 (寫照, sajo)
만조 (晩照, manjo)
상조 (相照, sangjo)
조광 (照光, jogwang)
조찰 (照察, jochal)
잔조 (殘照, janjo)
사조 (査照, sajo)
영조 (映照, yeongjo)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

照: Hán Nôm readings: chiếu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

照

Contents

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Related characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Affix

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Proper noun

Korean

Etymology

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia