照らす

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
照
て
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Etymology

Originally causative of 照る (teru, “to shine”), from 照ら (irrealis) +‎ す (classical causative auxiliary, originally with shimonidan conjugation; modern せる), hence "to make shine"

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "照らす"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		照らす てらす
Imperative (命令形) 照らせ てらせ
Key constructions
Passive 照らされる てらされる
Causative 照らさせる てらさせる
Potential 照らせる てらせる
Volitional 照らそう てらそ​ー
Negative 照らさない てらさない
Negative perfective 照らさなかった てらさな​かった
Formal 照らします てらしま​す
Perfective 照らした てらした
Conjunctive 照らして てらして
Hypothetical conditional 照らせば てらせ​ば

Verb

照(て)らす • (terasu) transitive godan (stem 照(て)らし (terashi), past 照(て)らした (terashita))

Japanese verb pair
active 照らす
mediopassive 照る
  1. to illuminate
    青天井(あおてんじょう)を照(て)らせ！
    Aotenjō o terase!
    Illuminate the heavens!
  2. to shine upon
  3. to refer to
    事実(じじつ)に照(て)らして…
    jijitsu ni terashite…
    in light of the facts…

Conjugation

Conjugation of "照らす" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 照らさ てらさ terasa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 照らし てらし terashi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 照らす てらす terasu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 照らす てらす terasu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 照らせ てらせ terase
Meireikei ("imperative") 照らせ てらせ terase
Key constructions
Passive 照らされる てらされる terasareru
Causative 照らさせる
照らさす 		てらさせる
てらさす 		terasaseru
terasasu
Potential 照らせる てらせる teraseru
Volitional 照らそう てらそう terasō
Negative 照らさない てらさない terasanai
Negative continuative 照らさず てらさず terasazu
Formal 照らします てらします terashimasu
Perfective 照らした てらした terashita
Conjunctive 照らして てらして terashite
Hypothetical conditional 照らせば てらせば teraseba
Classical conjugation of "照らす" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 照らさ てらさ terasa
Continuative (連用形) 照らし てらし terasi
Terminal (終止形) 照らす てらす terasu
Attributive (連体形) 照らす てらす terasu
Realis (已然形) 照らせ てらせ terase
Imperative (命令形) 照らせ てらせ terase
Key constructions
Negative 照らさず てらさず terasazu
Contrasting conjunction 照らせど てらせど terasedo
Causal conjunction 照らせば てらせば teraseba
Conditional conjunction 照らさば てらさば terasaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 照らしき てらしき terasiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 照らしけり てらしけり terasikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 照らしつ てらしつ terasitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 照らしぬ てらしぬ terasinu
Perfect-continuative tense 照らせり
照らしたり		 てらせり
てらしたり		 teraseri
terasitari
Volitional 照らさむ てらさむ terasamu

Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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