燈

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See also: 灯
燈 U+71C8, 燈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71C8
← 燇
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 燉 →

Translingual

Japanese 灯
Simplified 灯
Traditional 燈

Han character

燈 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 火弓人廿 (FNOT), four-corner 92818, composition ⿰火登)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 682, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19402
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1094, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2238, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+71C8

Chinese

trad. 燈
simp. 灯

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (登) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
登 *tɯːŋ
璒 *tɯːŋ
燈 *tɯːŋ
簦 *tɯːŋ
蹬 *tɯːŋ, *dɯːŋs
磴 *tɯːŋ, *tɯːŋs, *tʰɯːŋ
鐙 *tɯːŋ, *tɯːŋs
嶝 *tɯːŋs
隥 *tɯːŋs
橙 *tɯːŋs, *rdɯːŋ
凳 *tɯːŋs
墱 *tɯːŋs
鼟 *tʰɯːŋ
膯 *tʰɯːŋ
澄 *dɯːŋs, *dɯŋ, *rdɯŋ
鄧 *dɯːŋs
僜 *dɯːŋs, *tʰɯŋ
覴 *tʰɯŋs
瞪 *dɯŋ, *dɯŋs, *rdɯːŋ
憕 *dɯŋ, *rdɯŋ, *rdɯːŋ
撜 *tjɯŋʔ
證 *tjɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tɯːŋ): semantic 火 (“candlelight”) + phonetic 登 (OC *tɯːŋ).

Etymology

Baxter & Sagart (2014) reconstructs OC prefixal *k- based on Vietic evidences: cf. Chut kəten.

to jinx
From 燈神／灯神. See there for more.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • dĭng - vernacular;
  • dĕng - literary.
Note:
  • ding1 - vernacular;
  • deng1 - literary.
Rime
Character 燈
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 登 (129)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都滕切
Baxter tong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/təŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/təŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/təŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/təŋ/
Li
Rong 		/təŋ/
Wang
Li 		/təŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/təŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dang1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 燈
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dēng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tong ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k-tˁəŋ/
English lamp

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 燈
Reading # 1/1
No. 2171
Phonetic
component 		登
Rime
group 		蒸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*tɯːŋ/
Notes 鐙後起分化字

Definitions

燈

  1. lamp; light; lantern (for illumination) (Classifier: 盞／盏 m c h w; 眼 c; 支 mn mn-t)
    電燈／电灯  ―  diàndēng  ―  electric light
    熄燈／熄灯  ―  xīdēng  ―  to turn off a light
  2. lamp (for heating)
    酒精燈／酒精灯  ―  jiǔjīngdēng  ―  alcohol burner
  3. (Hong Kong Cantonese) traffic light (Classifier: 支 c)
  4. (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism) to jinx; to make incorrect predictions
  5. (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism) tending to jinx

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 燈 (“lamp; light”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 燈
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 燈
Malaysia 燈
Singapore 燈
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 燈
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 燈
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 亮
Guilin 燈
Cantonese Guangzhou 燈
Hong Kong 燈
Taishan 燈, 火
Singapore (Guangfu) 燈, 火
Gan Nanchang 燈
Hakka Meixian 燈
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 燈, 火
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 燈, 火
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 燈, 火
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 燈, 火
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 燈, 火
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 燈, 火
Kuching (Hepo) 燈
Jin Taiyuan 燈
Eastern Min Fuzhou 燈
Southern Min Xiamen 燈
Penang (Hokkien) 燈, 火
Singapore (Hokkien) 火
Manila (Hokkien) 火, 燈
Singapore (Teochew) 火, 燈
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 燈
Wu Suzhou 燈
Ningbo 燈, 亮 dated
Wenzhou 燈
Xiang Changsha 燈, 亮
Xiangxiang 燈
  • (traffic light):
Dialectal synonyms of 紅綠燈 (“traffic light”)
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 紅綠燈, 交通信號燈, 號誌, 交通燈
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 紅綠燈兒
Taiwan 紅綠燈
Malaysia 紅綠燈, 紅青燈
Singapore 紅綠燈, 交通燈
Southwestern Mandarin Guilin 紅綠燈
Cantonese Hong Kong 紅綠燈, 交通燈
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 青紅燈
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 紅綠燈
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 紅青燈
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 青紅燈
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 青紅燈
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 紅青燈
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 紅青燈
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 紅青燈
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 青紅燈
Southern Min Xiamen 紅綠燈
Zhao'an 紅綠燈
New Taipei (Tamsui) 青紅燈
New Taipei (Pingxi) 青紅燈
Kaohsiung 青紅燈
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 青紅燈
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 青紅燈
Yilan 青紅燈
Yilan (Luodong) 青紅燈
Yilan (Toucheng) 青紅燈
Changhua (Yongjing) 紅青燈
Tainan 青紅燈
Tainan (Anping) 青紅燈
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 青紅燈
Kinmen 紅綠燈
Penghu (Xiyu) 青紅燈
Penang (Hokkien) 紅青火
Singapore (Hokkien) 青紅火, 青紅燈
Longyan 紅綠燈
Shantou 紅綠燈
Singapore (Teochew) 青紅燈, 青紅火
Qionghai 紅綠燈
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 紅綠燈
Wu Shanghai 紅綠燈

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

燈

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 灯)

Readings

  • Go-on: とう (tō)
  • Kan-on: とう (tō)
  • Kan’yō-on: とん (ton)
  • Kun: あかり (akari, 燈)、ともしび (tomoshibi, 燈)、ともす (tomosu, 燈す)、ひ (hi, 燈)、ほ (ho, 燈)

Usage notes

燈 was in the tōyō kanji list from 1946. It was used interchangeably with its simpler variant 灯. In 1981, it was replaced by 灯 with the introduction of the 常(じょう)用(よう)漢(かん)字(じ) (jōyō kanji). At the same time, the tōyō kanji 燈 has been repurposed as a jinmeiyō variant of a jōyō kanji.

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 燈 (MC tong). Recorded as Middle Korean 드ᇰ (tung) (Yale: tung) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

燈 (eumhun 등 등 (deung deung))

  1. hanja form? of 등 (“lamp, lantern, light”)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

燈: Hán Nôm readings: đăng

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