牧

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See also: 攼
牧 U+7267, 牧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7267
← 牦
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 牨 →

Translingual

Han character

牧 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹手人大 (HQOK), four-corner 28540, composition ⿰牜攵)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 698, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19950
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1110, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1803, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+7267

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 牧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 牧
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 牛 (“cow”) + 攴 (“a whip”) – to herd.

Etymology

Cognate with Tibetan འབྲོག་པ། ('brog pa, “herdsman; nomad; shepherd”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • muŏk - only in the sense “to heal; to cure”.
Rime
Character 牧
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 莫六切
Baxter mjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/miuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/miuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/muwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/miuk̚/
Wang
Li 		/mĭuk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		mù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		muk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 牧
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		mù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mjuwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mək/
English to herd, herdsman

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 牧
Reading # 1/1
No. 9335
Phonetic
component 		牧
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		目
Old
Chinese 		/*mɯɡ/

Definitions

牧

  1. to herd; to tend; to breed livestock
  2. herdsman; herder; shepherd
  3. † to govern; to rule
  4. (historical) overlord; ruler (of one of the nine ancient city states in China)
  5. Short for 畜牧業／畜牧业 (xùmùyè, “animal husbandry”).
  6. (Christianity) pastor
    聘牧  ―  pìnmù  ―  to hire a pastor
    按牧  ―  ànmù  ―  to ordain a pastor
  7. (Eastern Min) to heal; to cure
  8. a surname

Compounds

References

  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “牧”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 161.

Japanese

Kanji

牧

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to herd

Readings

  • Go-on: もく (moku)
  • Kan-on: ぼく (boku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: まき (maki, 牧, Jōyō)、かう (kau, 牧う)、やしなう (yashinau, 牧う)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
牧
まき
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 牧 – see the following entry.
【まき】
pasture
牧: a surname
(This term, 牧, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 牧 (MC mjuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 목〮 (mwók) (Yale: mwok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

牧 (eumhun 칠 목 (chil mok))

  1. hanja form? of 목 (“to herd”)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

牧: Hán Nôm readings: mục, mặt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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