瑟

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瑟 U+745F, 瑟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745F
← 瑞
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 瑠 →

Translingual

Han character

瑟 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土心竹 (MGPH), four-corner 11331, composition ⿱玨必)

  1. an ancient stringed musical instrument (long zither)
  2. dignified, massive
  3. sound of wind

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 738, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21133
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1149, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1125, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+745F

Chinese

trad. 瑟
simp. # 瑟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (必) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
泌 *mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ
秘 *mpriɡs
毖 *priɡs
閟 *priɡs
柲 *priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ
鉍 *priɡs, *priɡ
邲 *priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ
覕 *pliŋs, *mbliːɡ
咇 *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ
苾 *bliːɡ, *bliɡ
馝 *bliːɡ, *bliɡ
飶 *bliːɡ, *bliɡ
鴓 *mbliːɡ
鮅 *pliɡ, *bliɡ
必 *pliɡ
珌 *pliɡ
佖 *bliɡ, *briɡ
駜 *bliɡ, *briɡ
怭 *bliɡ
妼 *bliɡ
宓 *mriɡ, *mliɡ
樒 *mriɡ
密 *mriɡ
蔤 *mriɡ
滵 *mriɡ
蜜 *mliɡ
謐 *mliɡ
榓 *mliɡ
淧 *mliɡ
瑟 *smriɡ, *smriɡ
璱 *sriɡ
飋 *sriɡ
虙 *blɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *smriɡ, *smriɡ) : semantic 珡 (“musical instrument”) + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ). 珡 has been simplified into the unrelated 玨.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • siak/sek - vernacular;
  • sit - literary.
    Rime
    Character 瑟
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 生 (21)
    Final (韻) 櫛 (51)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 所櫛切
    Baxter srit
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʃɪt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʃɪt̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ʃiet̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʂit̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/ʃiĕt̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/ʃĭet̚/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/ʂi̯æt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		she
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sat1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 瑟
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		sè
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ srit ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ri/
    English lute

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 瑟 瑟
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 599 602
    Phonetic
    component         		必 必
    Rime
    group         		質 質
    Rime
    subdivision         		2 2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		瑟 瑟
    Old
    Chinese         		/*smriɡ/ /*smriɡ/

    Definitions

    瑟

    1. (music) the se, an ancient Chinese bridge zither, usually with 25 strings
    2. † solemn; dignified; alone; bleak
    3. Used in 瑟瑟 (sèsè).
    4. Used in 瑟縮／瑟缩 (sèsuō) and 瑟索.

    Compounds

    Japanese

    Kanji

    瑟

    (Hyōgai kanji)

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    Readings

    • Go-on: しち (shichi)
    • Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
    • Kun: おおごと (ōgoto, 瑟)

    Korean

    Hanja

    瑟 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)

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    Vietnamese

    Han character

    瑟: Hán Nôm readings: sắt

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