甚
Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word 甚. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word 甚, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say 甚 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word 甚 you have here. The definition of the word 甚 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of甚, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
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Translingual
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Han character
甚 (Kangxi radical 99, 甘+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿一一女 (TMMV), four-corner 44711, composition ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺𠃊八(GV) or ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺𠃊儿(JK) or ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺㇄⿰丿㇄(HT))
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 754, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21648
- Dae Jaweon: page 1161, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 25, character 5
- Unihan data for U+751A
Chinese
| trad. | 甚 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 甚 | |
| alternative forms | 𠥄 𠯕 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 甚 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 湛 | *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um |
| 媅 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黮 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ |
| 糂 | *sluːmʔ |
| 堪 | *kʰluːm |
| 戡 | *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ |
| 嵁 | *kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm |
| 歁 | *kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb |
| 勘 | *kʰluːms |
| 磡 | *kʰuːms |
| 墈 | *kʰuːms |
| 偡 | *r'uːmʔ |
| 碪 | *ʔl'um |
| 椹 | *ʔl'um |
| 揕 | *ʔl'ums |
| 踸 | *l̥ʰumʔ |
| 鍖 | *l̥ʰumʔ |
| 斟 | *kljum |
| 諶 | *ɡljum |
| 愖 | *ɡljum |
| 瘎 | *ɡljum |
| 煁 | *ɡljum |
| 甚 | *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums |
| 葚 | *ɦljumʔ |
Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 甘 + 匹.
Etymology 1
STEDT considers it to be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“full; flat; straight”) and cognate with 斟 (OC *kljum, “to pour”), 淫 (OC *lɯm, “excessive”) and Tibetan གཏམས (gtams, “to fill up”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sam6 / sap6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́m
- Northern Min (KCR): sēng
- Eastern Min (BUC): sêng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zen
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shèn
- Wade–Giles: shên4
- Yale: shèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
- Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sam6 / sap6
- Yale: sahm / sahp
- Cantonese Pinyin: sam6 / sap9
- Guangdong Romanization: sem6 / seb6
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐm²²/, /sɐp̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: sap6 - rare.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́m
- Hakka Romanization System: siimˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sim3
- Sinological IPA: /sɨm³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sēng
- Sinological IPA (key): /seiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛiŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīm
- Tâi-lô: sīm
- Phofsit Daibuun: sim
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sim³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sim²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐm
- Tâi-lô: sǐm
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sim²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sim6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sĭm
- Sinological IPA (key): /sim³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: dzyimX, dzyimH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mʔ/, /*mʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡljumʔ/, /*ɡljums/
Definitions
甚
- serious; extreme; excessive
- extremely; considerably; very
- (literary) to exceed; to surpass
- a surname
Compounds
- 一之為甚 / 一之为甚 (yīzhīwéishèn)
- 一之謂甚 / 一之谓甚
- 不求甚解 (bùqiúshènjiě)
- 不為已甚 / 不为已甚 (bùwéiyǐshèn)
- 不甚 (bùshèn)
- 不甚了了 (bùshènliǎoliǎo)
- 不甚合意
- 厥功甚偉 / 厥功甚伟
- 去泰去甚
- 去甚去泰
- 名聲籍甚 / 名声籍甚
- 太甚 (tàishèn)
- 家徒甚殷
- 尤有甚者
- 尤甚 (yóushèn)
- 已甚 (yǐshèn)
- 幸甚 (xìngshèn)
- 忒甚
- 日甚一日 (rìshènyīrì)
- 更甚
- 欺人太甚 (qīréntàishèn)
- 特甚 (tèshèn)
- 甚且 (shènqiě)
- 甚人
- 甚口
- 甚囂塵上 / 甚嚣尘上 (shènxiāochénshàng)
- 甚或 (shènhuò)
- 甚是 (shènshì)
- 甚而 (shèn'ér)
- 甚至 (shènzhì)
- 甚雨
- 疾風甚雨 / 疾风甚雨
- 相得甚歡 / 相得甚欢
- 籍甚 (jíshèn)
- 聲稱籍甚 / 声称籍甚
- 腹笥甚廣 / 腹笥甚广
- 自奉甚儉 / 自奉甚俭
- 莫此為甚 / 莫此为甚
- 著甚來由 / 着甚来由
- 藉甚 / 借甚
- 蝕甚 / 蚀甚
- 衣冠甚偉 / 衣冠甚伟
- 言之過甚 / 言之过甚
- 軒軒甚得 / 轩轩甚得
- 逼人太甚
- 過從甚密 / 过从甚密
- 過甚 / 过甚 (guòshèn)
- 過甚其實 / 过甚其实
- 過甚其詞 / 过甚其词
Etymology 2
Pronunciation 1
| For pronunciation and definitions of 甚 – see 什 (“ten families; etc.”). (This character is a variant traditional form of 什). |
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shèn
- Wade–Giles: shên4
- Yale: shèn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
- Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shén
- Wade–Giles: shên2
- Yale: shén
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shern
- Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sam6
- Yale: sahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: sam6
- Guangdong Romanization: sem6
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐm²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: seng3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /səŋ⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
Definitions
甚
- (literary or dialectal Mandarin, Jin) what
- 甚事？ ― Shèn shì? ― What is it?
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 什麼 (“what”)
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
甚
Readings
- Go-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)←じん (zin, historical)←じむ (zimu, ancient)
- Kan-on: しん (shin)←しん (sin, historical)←しむ (simu, ancient)
- Tō-on: そも (somo)
- Kun: はなはだ (hanahada, 甚だ, Jōyō)、はなはだしい (hanahadashii, 甚だしい, Jōyō)、なに (nani, 甚)、いたい (itai, 甚い)
Korean
Hanja
- great extent
- considerably
Vietnamese
Han character
甚: Hán Nôm readings: thậm, rậm
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