甲

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

• 𠇚
• 𡴌

Han character

See images of
Radical 102 甲

甲 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田中 (WL), four-corner 6050₀, composition ⿻日丨 or ⿻囗十)

Derived characters

• 𠇺, 𠖹, 呷, 𡊠, 𭑱, 岬, 押, 㳌, 狎, 𨸺, 𰕻, 柙, 炠, 𤙇, 玾, 胛, 𥑐, 䘥, 𤱣, 舺, 䖬, 䛅(𲂆), 𧿵, 鉀(钾), 𩚲, 魻(𱇟), 𪀌
• 𭶫, 𨒇, 䖖, 𩲳, 𢼓, 𣢗, 𤱋, 𤱢, 翈, 𠒛, 𭻎, 𤲍, 𭻝, 𤲰, 𣫹, 𩲣, 鴨(鸭), 𮒅
• 𠇚, 𦭖, 𢑖, 𣅼, 䆘, 𥩫, 𭻈, 𡭵, 笚, 𩂘, 𭻛, 𩿼, 𬛽, 𨐴, 㕅, 庘, 𤵭, 𢈤, 𧆥, 厣, 𣃻, 厴, 𢦦, 𪀋, 閘(闸), 匣, 𪚧, 㘡, 𠔱, 𤳅, 𤳵

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 758, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21725
• Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2525, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7532

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 甲
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) : a turtle shell.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“shell; shield”). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲབ (khrab, “coat of mail; shield”). Perhaps related to 鞈 (OC *kuːb, *kruːb, “leather jerkin or cuirass”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Definitions

甲

1. shell; carapace
2. plate armor
3. nail (plate at the end of fingers and toes)
4. the first of the ten heavenly stems
5. number one; first; A

   中国足球协会甲级联赛 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   zhōngguó zúqiú xiéhuì jiǎjí liánsài

   Chinese Football Association League 1

6. pronoun for an unspecified or unknown person or thing
7. a surname

Coordinate terms

• (Chinese heavenly stems) 天干 (tiāngān); 甲 (jiǎ), 乙 (yǐ), 丙 (bǐng), 丁, 戊 (wù), 己 (jǐ), 庚 (gēng), 辛 (xīn), 壬 (rén), 癸 (guǐ) ^{(Category: zh:Chinese heavenly stems)}

Compounds

Descendants

• → Thai: กาบ (gàap)
• → Zhuang: gyap
• → Old Turkic: qap
  • → Kazakh: қап (qap)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch akker (“field”) or morgen (“morning”).

Pronunciation

Definitions

甲

1. (Taiwan) unit of land (area) measure, equivalent to 2,934 坪 (píng) or 0.97 hectares, roughly 2.1 acres

Etymology 3

From 到 (kàu).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

甲 (Southern Min)

1. Used after a verb or an adjective and before a degree complement.

   講甲真好／讲甲真好 [Hokkien]  ―  kóng kah chin hó [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to speak very well

2. (Taiwan) to; until; to the extent

   • 阮將青春嫁置恁兜，阮對少年跟你跟甲老。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     阮将青春嫁置恁兜，阮对少年跟你跟甲老。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 江蕙 (Jody Chiang), 家後 (Wife)

     Gún chiong chheng-chhun kè tī lín-tau, gún tùi siàu-liân tòe lí tòe kah lāu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     I married my youthfulness to you; I followed you from my youth till I'm old.

Synonyms

• (used after a verb or an adjective and before a degree complement): 得 (dé)

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

甲

1. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) very; really; badly

   今仔日寒甲。 [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]

   kin-á-li̍t kôaⁿ kah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   Today's really cold.

Etymology 4

Probably from 敢 (kám, káⁿ).

Pronunciation

Definitions

甲

1. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) how is it that; how could

   • 港邊的風將阮的目屎吹乾，卡拉OK甲點一塊快樂的演歌？ [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     港边的风将阮的目屎吹干，卡拉OK甲点一块快乐的演歌？ [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 詹雅雯, 單身的演歌

     Káng-piⁿ ê hong chiong gún ê ba̍k-sái chhoe ta, kha-lá-ó͘-khe kah tiám chi̍t tè khoài-lo̍k ê ián-kah? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     The wind at the harbourside blows my tears dry; how could the karaoke choose a happy enka?

2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) since; as; now that; considering

Synonyms

• (since): 既然 (jìrán); (Hokkien) 敢若, 敢若是

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Definitions

甲

1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 佮 (kah, kap, “and; with”)

   • 山珍海味，啤露甲威士忌，咱坐乎圓圓，大家大賺錢。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     山珍海味，啤露甲威士忌，咱坐乎圆圆，大家大赚钱。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 張秀卿 (Chang Hsiu-ching), 加油 (Gan Ba-De)

     San-tin-hái-bī, bì-lù kah ui-sū-kī, lán chē hō͘ îⁿ-îⁿ, ta̍k-ke tōa thàn-chîⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     A feast of great food, beer and whisky, let's sit around and earn big money.

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

Definitions

甲

1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 共 (kā)

   • 我欲甲你攬牢牢，因為驚你半暝啊爬起來哭。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     我欲甲你揽牢牢，因为惊你半暝啊爬起来哭。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 江蕙 (Jody Chiang), 甲你攬牢牢

     Góa beh kā lí lám-tiâu-tiâu, in-ūi kiaⁿ lí pòaⁿ-mî-á peh--khí-lâi khàu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     I want to hug you tight because I fear that you will get up and cry.

Etymology 7

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From English gay?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

甲

1. (Taiwanese Mandarin) gay; homosexual

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けふ (kefu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: かん (kan, Jōyō); かっ (ka')^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• Kun: よろい (yoroi, 甲)^{←よろひ (yorofi, 甲, historical)}; つめ (tsume); きのえ (kinoe)

Compounds

• 甲(こう)虫(ちゅう) (kōchū): Japanese rhinoceros beetle
• 甲(こう)羅(ら) (kōra): shell, carapace

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 甲 (kæp).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こ​ー (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

• Homophones: 鸛, 公, 爻, 功, 巧, 交, 行, 劫, 孝, 更, 抗, 効, 幸, 庚, 侯, 紅, 香, 候, 校, 貢, 項, 項, 綱, 稿, 蝗, 蝗, 薨, 講, 恋う, 請う, 乞う, 恍, 皎, 斯う

Noun

甲(こう) • (kō) ^{←かふ (kafu)?}

1. carapace, shell
2. something A
   1. first in rank
   2. instep or the back of the hand
   3. the first party

Proper noun

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

甲

Wikipedia ^ja

甲(こう) • (Kō) 

1. the first of the ten heavenly stems

   Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)

   Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• 鎧

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) よろい (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

甲(よろい) • (yoroi) ^{←よろひ (yorofi)?}

1. armor

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かん (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

甲(かん) • (kan) 

1. treble range

Etymology 4

木 (Ki, “Wood”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄 (e, “elder brother”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きのえ (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

Proper noun

甲(きのえ) • (Kinoe) 

1. the first of the ten heavenly stems

   Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)

   Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 甲 (MC kaep). Recorded as Middle Korean 갑〮 (káp) (Yale: kap) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Compare modern Cantonese 甲 (gaap³) and Hakka 甲 (gab⁵).

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

甲

Wikisource

甲 (eumhun 갑옷 갑 (gabot gap))
甲 (eumhun 첫째 천간(天干) 갑 (cheotjjae cheon'gan( 天干 ) gap))

1. Hanja form^? of 갑 (“armor; shell”).
2. Hanja form^? of 갑 (“the first of the ten heavenly stems; something A”).

Compounds

Noun

甲 • (gap) (hangeul 갑)

1. (in headlines) number one, thus the best

   "가성비甲" 획기적 상품 출시!

   "gaseongbigap" hoekgijeok sangpum chulsi!

   This innovative product is the best bang for your buck!

2. (law) something A; the first party

   상기 乙은 본 문서에 명시된 업무와 관련하여 甲에게 근로를 제공한다.

   sanggi eureun myeongsidoen eommuwa gwallyeonhayeo gabege geulloreul jegonghanda.

   The B (employee) indicated above will provide labour to A (employer) according to the tasks indicated in this document.

Usage notes

• A common convention in news headlines or legal documents, these particular senses are often written in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “(law) something A; the first party”): 乙을 (eul, “something B”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

甲: Hán Nôm readings: giáp, giẹp, kép, nháp, ráp

1. chữ Hán form of Giáp (“first of the ten heavenly stems”).

   Hypernyms: 天干, 十干

   Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

2. chữ Hán form of Giáp (“a male given name”).

   武元甲 ― Võ Nguyên Giáp

3. chữ Hán form of giáp (“armour; carapace; cycle of twelve years”).

Compounds