発酵
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Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 発 | 酵 |
| はつ > はっ Grade: 3 |
こう Grade: S |
| kan'on | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 發酵 (kyūjitai) 醗酵 醱酵 はっ酵 |
Etymology
Middle Chinese 發酵 (MC pjot kaewH).
Pronunciation
Noun
Verb
発酵する • (hakkō suru) ←はっかう (fakkau)?intransitive suru (stem 発酵し (hakkō shi), past 発酵した (hakkō shita))
- to ferment
Conjugation
Conjugation of "発酵する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 発酵し | はっこうし | hakkō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 発酵し | はっこうし | hakkō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 発酵する | はっこうする | hakkō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 発酵する | はっこうする | hakkō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 発酵すれ | はっこうすれ | hakkō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 発酵せよ¹ 発酵しろ² |
はっこうせよ¹ はっこうしろ² |
hakkō seyo¹ hakkō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 発酵される | はっこうされる | hakkō sareru | |
| Causative | 発酵させる 発酵さす |
はっこうさせる はっこうさす |
hakkō saseru hakkō sasu | |
| Potential | 発酵できる | はっこうできる | hakkō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 発酵しよう | はっこうしよう | hakkō shiyō | |
| Negative | 発酵しない | はっこうしない | hakkō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 発酵せず | はっこうせず | hakkō sezu | |
| Formal | 発酵します | はっこうします | hakkō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 発酵した | はっこうした | hakkō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 発酵して | はっこうして | hakkō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 発酵すれば | はっこうすれば | hakkō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN