皮

See also: 𪪍

皮	U+76AE, 皮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76AE

← 皭

CJK Unified Ideographs

皯 →

⽪	U+2F6A, ⽪ KANGXI RADICAL SKIN

← ⽩

Kangxi Radicals

⽫ →

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

皮 (Kangxi radical 107, 皮+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE), four-corner 4024₇, composition ⿻⿱丨又⿰丿乛)

Kangxi radical #107, ⽪.

Derived characters

Appendix:Chinese radical/皮
佊, 𰃺, 𠱀, 坡, 𡛡, 㝿, 岥, 帔, 㢰, 彼, 怶, 披, 波, 狓, 陂, 𣃣, 柀, 𣥣, 㱟, 𣬼, 𭴗, 𤖷, 𤙎, 玻, 䏢, 𬒳, 𤱍, 𭼀, 𥅗, 破, 秛, 𬔜, 被, 𥹖, 紴, 𮉲, 𦍷, 翍, 耚, 𦚆, 𦨭, 蚾, 𪤻, 𫵃, 詖(诐), 䜵, 𧰸, 䝛, 貱(𬥶), 𧹞, 跛, 𨈵, 𮝌, 𨠜, 鈹(铍), 䩅, 鞁, 𮧸, 𩖽, 駊(𫘟), 骳, 𩫋, 𩲢, 𭊣, 𭠊, 鮍(鲏), 麬, 𦃯, 𪖞, 𮭛
㓟, 𠡄, 𫹄, 𣃤, 𦐢, 𦫗, 頗(颇), 𩠗, 𡛬, 𪓜, 𪚷, 髲, 𢇳, 疲, 𪠏, 旇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 790, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22823
Dae Jaweon: page 1205, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2753, character 1
Unihan data for U+76AE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		皮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 皮
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
陂	pral, prals
詖	pral, prals
彼	*pralʔ
柀	*pralʔ
佊	pralʔ, prals
貱	*prals
跛	prals, paːlʔ
披	pʰral, pʰralʔ
鈹	*pʰral
帔	pʰral, pʰrals
鮍	*pʰral
耚	*pʰral
狓	*pʰral
翍	*pʰral
旇	pʰral, brals
秛	pʰral, pʰrals
紴	pʰralʔ, paːl
皮	*bral
疲	*bral
被	bralʔ, brals
髲	*brals
鞁	*brals
骳	*mbralʔ
波	*paːl
碆	paːl, baːl
菠	*paːl
簸	paːlʔ, paːls
駊	paːlʔ, pʰaːlʔ
頗	pʰaːl, pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡	*pʰaːl
玻	*pʰaːl
破	*pʰaːls
婆	*baːl
蔢	*baːl

Pictogram (象形) – a hand (又) stripping the fur from an animal pelt (similar to 革). The pelt moved to the top left and became abstracted.

The character 叚 is similar, but actually it depicts two hands and some rocks 石 on oracle bones; a conservative variant is 𠭊.

Etymology

“skin”: According to STEDT, 皮 (OC *m-pra-j) is likely derived from root 膚 (OC *pra) – further from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p(r/j)a (“skin”) – and a voicing prefix – likely *m- which is found in several OC words for body parts like 鼻 (OC *m-bi-s, “nose”), 肚 (OC *m-tˤaʔ, “belly”), 右 (OC *ʷəʔ-s (~ *m-qʷəʔ), “right-hand”) and 頭 (OC *ˤo, “head”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).
“pico-”: Borrowed from English pico-.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): pí (pi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pi²

(Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): pí

(Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): pí

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): пи (pi, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): pei⁴ / pei^4-2

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): pai⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): pei³ / pei^3*

(Yangjiang, Jyutping++): pei⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): pi²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): phì

(Hailu, HRS): pi

(Meixian, Guangdong): pi²
Jin (Wiktionary): pi¹
Northern Min (KCR): pṳê
Eastern Min (BUC): puòi / pì
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pue² / pi²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): phê / phêr / phôe / pî / phî

(Teochew, Peng'im): puê⁵ / pi⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): pue⁵ / pi⁵
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): bi⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶bi / ²bi
- (Jinhua): ²bi
Xiang
(Changsha, Wiktionary): bi²

(Loudi, Wiktionary): bbi²

(Hengyang, Wiktionary): bi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pí
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pí
  - Wade–Giles: pʻi²
  - Yale: pí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyi
  - Palladius: пи (pi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pír
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pír
  - Wade–Giles: pʻi²-ʼrh
  - Yale: pír
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyel
  - Palladius: пир (pir)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiə̯ɻ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: pi²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²¹/
- (Xi'an)
  - Guanzhong Pinyin: pí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
  - Nanjing Pinyin: pí
  - Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): pi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: пи (pi, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: pei⁴ / pei^4-2
  - Yale: pèih / péi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pei⁴ / pei^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: péi⁴ / péi^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰei̯²¹/, /pʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/

Note: pei4-2 - “leather” (as a single word), also used in some compounds.

- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: pai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐi²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: pei³ / pei^3*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰei²²/, /pʰei²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
  - Jyutping++: pei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰei⁴²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: pi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phì
  - Hakka Romanization System: pi^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pi²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰi¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: pi
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰi⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: pi²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰi¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: pi¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰi¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pṳê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰyɛ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: puòi / pì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰui⁵³/, /pʰi⁵³/

Note:

puòi - vernacular;
pì - literary.

Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: pue²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuei¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: pi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi¹³/

Note:

pue2 - vernacular;
pi2 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phê
  - Tâi-lô: phê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phee
  - IPA (Xiamen, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Taipei, Philippines): /pʰe²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Tong'an, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêr
  - Tâi-lô: phêr
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Tong'an, Kinmen): /pʰə²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phôe
  - Tâi-lô: phuê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoee
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰue¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰue²³/
  - IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /pʰue²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pî
  - Tâi-lô: pî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pii
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phî
  - Tâi-lô: phî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phii
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰi²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰi¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pʰi²⁴/

Note:

phê/phêr/phôe - vernacular;
pî - vernacular (limited, e.g. 五加皮, 皮皮);
phî - literary (“naughty; brazen; to act shamelessly”).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: puê⁵ / pi⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuê / phî
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰue⁵⁵/, /pʰi⁵⁵/

Note:

puê5 - vernacular;
pi5 - literary.

(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: pue⁵ / pi⁵
- Sinological IPA: /pʰuɛ²²/, /pʰi²²/

Note:

pue5 - vernacular;
pi5 - literary.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: bi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶bi
  - MiniDict: bi^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³bi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bi²³/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ²bi
  - MiniDict: bi^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /bi³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /bi³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /bi²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /bi²²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /bi¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /bi¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /bi³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /bi²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /bi²³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /bi³¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /bi²²/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ²bi
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /bi³¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: bi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi¹³/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary: bbi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /bi¹³/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: bi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /b̥i¹¹/

Middle Chinese: bje

Rime
Character	皮
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符羈切
Baxter	bje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/biɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bjiə̆/
Li Rong	/bje/
Wang Li	/bǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pei⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-(r)aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*bral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皮
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pí
Middle Chinese	‹ bje ›
Old Chinese	/*m-(r)aj/
English	skin
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皮
Reading #	1/1
No.	9711
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	皮
Old Chinese	/*bral/

Definitions

皮

skin; peel; shell; rind (Classifier: 塊／块 m c; 層／层 m c)
甩皮 [Cantonese] ― lat¹ pei⁴ ― to have flaky skin; to have peeling skin

樹皮／树皮 ― shùpí ― bark

香蕉皮 ― xiāngjiāo pí ― banana peel
- 牛則有皮，犀兕尚多。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  牛则有皮，犀兕尚多。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Niú zé yǒu pí, xīsì shàng duō.
  Bulls still have skins; rhinoceroses and wild bulls still are many.
- 誰家老-馬棄城-陰，毛-暗皮-乾瘦不-禁。 [Vietnamese Literary Sinitic, trad.]
  From: 阮攸 (Nguyễn Du),〈城下棄馬〉(Thành hạ khí mã, "The Abandoned Horse at the Wall's Bottom") in 《南中雜吟》(Nam trung tạp ngâm "Assorted Recitations while in the South"), 1805-1812
  Thùy gia lão mã khí thành âm, mao ám bì can sấu bất câm. [Sino-Vietnamese]
  Someone's old horse is abandoned under the wall's shadow; he is gaunt, his hair darkened, his skin parched, beyond bearing.
hide; leather
皮鞋 ― píxié ― leather shoes
- 牛皮為鼓，正三軍之眾。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  牛皮为鼓，正三军之众。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE
  Niúpí wéi gǔ, zhèng sānjūn zhī zhòng.
  The hide of an ox made into a drum directs the multitudes of the Three Armies.
wrapper; cover; skin
餃子皮／饺子皮 ― jiǎozi pí ― jiaozi wrapper

書皮／书皮 ― shūpí ― book cover
surface; top part
水皮 ― shuǐpí ― water surface
rubber
皮筋 ― píjīn ― rubber band
thin sheet; broad, flat piece (of some thin material)
鐵皮／铁皮 ― tiěpí ― iron sheet
soggy; no longer crispy due to moisture
花生好像變皮了，吃起來沒那麼香了。 [MSC, trad.]
花生好像变皮了，吃起来没那么香了。 [MSC, simp.]
Huāshēng hǎoxiàng biàn pí le, chī qǐlái méi nàme xiāng le.
The peanuts seem to have become soggy, so they don't taste as good.
naughty; disobedient
調皮／调皮 ― tiáopí ― naughty; mischievous

這些孩子太皮了。 [MSC, trad.]
这些孩子太皮了。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhèxiē háizǐ tài pí le.
These children are too naughty.

這個囡仔傷過皮。 [Hokkien, trad.]
这个囡仔伤过皮。 [Hokkien, simp.]
Chit-ê gín-á siong-kè phî. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
These children are too naughty.
feeling indifferent due to excessive reprimands or chastisements; thick-skinned; callous
他早就被媽媽罵皮了。 [MSC, trad.]
他早就被妈妈骂皮了。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā zǎojiù bèi māmā mà pí le.
He has long been scolded by his mother to not caring anymore.
pico- (SI unit prefix)
皮米 ― pímǐ ― picometer
sticky; glutinous; tenacious
皮糖 ― pítáng ― sticky candy
brazen; cheeky; shameless; impudent
皮皮 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― phî-phî [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― shameless
outer; superficial
(Harbin Mandarin) face
(Cantonese) side; edge
海皮 [Cantonese] ― hoi² pei⁴ ― seaside
(Cantonese, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
廿幾皮／廿几皮 [Cantonese] ― jaa⁶ gei² pei⁴ ― over twenty dollars
- 1963, 莫康時, director, 工廠皇后 [Three Love Affairs]‎, spoken by 劉月桂 (林艷 [Lam Yim]):
  
  噉我磅返廿皮畀你先吖。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
  gam² ngo⁵ bong⁶ faan¹ jaa⁶ pei⁴ bei² nei⁵ sin¹ aa¹.
  Then, I'll pay you 20 bucks back first.
(Cantonese, colloquial) Classifier for ten thousand dollars.
三皮 [Cantonese] ― saam¹ pei⁴ ― thirty thousand dollars
(Cantonese, colloquial) Classifier for size of implements, articles, etc..
(Mainland China Hokkien) to act shamelessly; to act impudently; to be brazen
(Guiyang Mandarin) Classifier for clothes.
(Huizhou) Classifier for walls.
(VTuber fandom slang) model
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 頑皮 (“naughty”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		頑皮, 調皮, 淘氣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	皮, 淘氣, 淘, 猴, 猴兒
	Taiwan	皮, 調皮, 頑皮, 淘氣
	Langfang	調皮
	Singapore	頑皮
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	皮, 淘, 猴兒
	Tangshan	調皮
	Cangzhou	調皮
	Baoding	費
	Shijiazhuang	調皮
	Jinan	調皮, 皮, 淘
Central Plains Mandarin	Daming	費勁
	Xi'an	匪, 淘氣, 俏皮, 皮
	Xuzhou	皮臉
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	淘氣, 費, 千方兒
	Wuhan	神, 調皮, 淘氣
	Kunming	淘氣
	Guilin	跳皮
	Liuzhou	跳皮
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	調皮, 皮
	Nantong	犯厭
	Hefei	調皮, 皮, 頑皮
Cantonese	Guangzhou	跳皮, 百厭, 韌皮, 曳, 反斗, 星君, 扭計, 扭紋, 壞, 煞氣, 頑皮
	Hong Kong	跳皮, 百厭, 韌皮, 曳, 反斗, 壞, 星君, 犯神
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	百厭
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	頑皮
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	百厭
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	懆
	Macau	跳皮
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	曳, 跳皮, 百厭
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	韌皮
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	跳皮
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	百厭
	Foshan	曳, 跳皮, 百厭
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	曳
	Foshan (Shunde)	百厭
	Foshan (Sanshui)	跳皮, 百厭
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	頑皮
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	壞, 跳皮
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	壞
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	百厭, 壞
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	百厭
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	百厭
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	百厭
	Taishan	壞賞, 壞, 曳, 搞家, 譑蠻, 飛耍, 惡教, 匪類, 扭紋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	壞賞, 壞
	Enping (Niujiang)	壞鬼
	Heshan (Yayao)	韌皮
	Dongguan	曳, 百厭
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	百厭, 跳皮
	Yangjiang	跳皮, 蠻皮
	Nanning	跳皮, 百厭, 牛骨, 頑皮
	Wuzhou	韌皮, 百厭, 百跳
	Yulin	頑, 牛骨
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	跳皮, 勿乖
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	頑皮
	Singapore (Guangfu)	韌皮
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	扭計, 曳, 百厭
Gan	Nanchang	調皮, 頑皮
Hakka	Meixian	蠻皮, 蠻, 番綻, 綻頭, 綻皮, 綻, 懆, 跳皮
	Xingning	蠻, 懆
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	頑皮
	Huidong (Daling)	調皮, 綻頭, 懆
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	頑皮
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	跳皮
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	跳皮
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	綻, 懆
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	賤
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	頑皮
	Changting	綻, 懆
	Wuping	綻, 懆
	Wuping (Pingyu)	綻
	Liancheng	綻, 懆
	Ninghua	浪綻, 懆
	Ruijin	綻, 孽
	Shangyou (Shexi)	綻, 頑皮
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	番綻, 蠻皮, 綻頭, 孱頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	殘, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 蓋牛
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	番綻, 蠻綻, 綻, 綻頭, 孱頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	番綻, 綻頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	番綻, 綻頭, 綻剁頭, 牛, 賤, 調皮, 當牛
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	狡怪, 番, 賤頭, 牛, 牛頭, 牛獗, 賤, 真牛
	Hong Kong	頑皮
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	跳皮
	Senai (Huiyang)	跳皮
Jin	Taiyuan	頑皮
	Zhangjiakou	調皮
	Handan	費
Northern Min	Jian'ou	刁皮, 韌皮
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	刁皮, 楞蟶
Eastern Min	Fuqing	調皮
Southern Min	Xiamen	孽, 孽潲, 孽唆, 跳鬼, 刁皮, 跳限, 跳塌, 賤, 歹死, 揲, 揲篤, 皮
	Quanzhou	孽, 孽潲, 孽唆, 跳鬼, 賤, 歹死, 皮
	Zhangzhou	孽, 孽潲, 賤, 歹, 歹死, 皮
	Kaohsiung	賤
	Yilan	賤
	Changhua (Lukang)	狡怪
	Taichung	孽潲
	Taichung (Wuqi)	孽潲
	Tainan	作孽, 孽, 孽潲
	Taitung	孽潲
	Hsinchu	孽
	Penghu (Magong)	狡怪
	Penang (Hokkien)	孽, 怪孽, 歹死
	Singapore (Hokkien)	孽, 孽死, 孽潲, 賤, 歹死
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹死, 孽, 孽潲
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	調皮, 惡蠻, 蠻
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	頑皮
	Chaozhou	燦頭
	Shantou	野, 野死, 好耍, 頑皮
	Bangkok (Teochew)	跳皮
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	孬
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	跳皮
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	頑皮, 跳皮
Wu	Shanghai	頑皮, 皮, 賴皮, 搨皮, 淘氣
	Shanghai (Chongming)	厭, 調皮, 頑皮
	Suzhou	皮, 調皮, 厭
	Wuxi	厭, 皮
	Danyang	調皮, 皮
	Hangzhou	厭, 調皮
	Ningbo	皮
	Wenzhou	調皮, 皮, 皮蚩, 蠻, 惡
	Jinhua	調皮, 皮, 皮面
Xiang	Changsha	跳皮, 跳夾
	Shuangfeng	跳皮, 頑皮
	Quanzhou	頑皮

Dialectal synonyms of 臉 (“face”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		面, 顏 countenance
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		臉, 臉部, 面孔, 臉孔, 臉面
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	臉, 臉兒
	Taiwan	臉
	Chengde	臉
	Ulanhot	臉蛋子
	Tongliao	臉蛋子
	Chifeng	臉
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	臉, 臉蛋子
	Heihe	臉
	Qiqihar	臉
	Harbin	臉, 皮
	Jiamusi	臉
	Baicheng	臉
	Changchun	臉
	Tonghua	臉
	Shenyang	臉, 臉蛋兒
	Jinzhou	臉
	Malaysia	臉
	Singapore	臉
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	臉
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	臉
	Tangshan	臉
	Cangzhou	臉
	Baoding	臉
	Shijiazhuang	臉
	Lijin	臉
	Jinan	臉
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	臉
	Dandong	臉
	Yantai	臉
	Yantai (Muping)	臉
	Qingdao	臉
	Zhucheng	臉
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	臉
	Lingbao	臉
	Jining	臉
	Wanrong	臉
	Linfen	臉
	Shangqiu	臉
	Yuanyang	臉, 面
	Zhengzhou	臉
	Kaifeng	臉
	Xinyang	臉
	Baihe	臉, 面
	Xi'an	臉
	Baoji	臉, 面
	Tianshui	臉
	Xining	臉, 臉佬
	Xuzhou	臉, 臉兒, 臉膛子
	Fuyang	臉, 臉面
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	臉
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	張臉
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	臉
	Bayanhot	臉
	Lanzhou	臉, 面
	Dunhuang	臉
	Hami	臉
	Ürümqi	臉, 臉蛋子
	Ürümqi (Xigou)	臉
	Ürümqi (Changshanzi)	臉
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	臉, 盤子
	Nanchong	臉
	Dazhou	臉
	Hanyuan	臉, 臉敦
	Xichang	臉
	Zigong	臉
	Chongqing	臉, 臉巴兒, 臉登兒
	Wuhan	臉, 面孔
	Yichang	臉
	Xiangyang	臉
	Tianmen	臉, 面
	Guiyang	臉
	Zunyi	臉
	Bijie	臉
	Liping	臉
	Zhaotong	臉
	Dali	臉, 面子
	Kunming	臉, 臉面
	Mengzi	臉
	Guilin	臉
	Liuzhou	臉
	Nanning (Wuming)	臉
	Hechi (Yizhou)	臉, 臉盤
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	臉
	Tianlin (Langping)	臉包
	Jishou	臉
	Changde	臉
	Hanzhong	臉
	Kokang	臉
	Dagudi (Maliba)	臉
	Reshuitang (Longling)	臉
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	臉
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	臉
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	臉
	Yangzhou	臉, 面
	Lianyungang	臉
	Lianshui	臉
	Xinghua	臉, 面孔
	Nantong	臉
	Anqing	臉
	Wuhu	臉, 面
	Hefei	臉
	Hong'an	臉
Mandarin	Nanping (Yanping)	臉
Cantonese	Guangzhou	面
	Hong Kong	面
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	面
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	面
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	面
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	面
	Macau	面
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	面
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	面
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	面
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	面
	Foshan	面
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	面
	Foshan (Shunde)	面
	Foshan (Sanshui)	面
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	面
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	面
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	面
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	面
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	面
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	面
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	面
	Taishan	面
	Taishan (Guanghai)	面
	Kaiping (Chikan)	面
	Enping (Niujiang)	面
	Heshan (Yayao)	面
	Dongguan	面
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	面
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	面
	Qingyuan	面
	Fogang	面, 面頂
	Yingde (Hanguang)	面
	Yangshan	面
	Lianshan (Butian)	面
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	面
	Shaoguan	面
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	面
	Renhua	面
	Lechang	面
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	面
	Sihui	面
	Guangning	面
	Deqing	面
	Huaiji	面
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	面
	Yunfu	面, 面口
	Xinxing	面
	Luoding	面
	Yunan (Pingtai)	面
	Yangjiang	面
	Xinyi	面, 面子蛋
	Maoming (Xinpo)	面
	Gaozhou	面
	Lianjiang	面
	Wuchuan (Wuyang)	面
	Nanning	面
	Nanning (Tanka)	面
	Wuzhou	面
	Yulin	面
	Rongxian	面
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	面
	Hepu (Shatian)	面
	Guiping	面
Guiping (Mule)	面
Pingnan	面
Mengshan (Xihe)	面
Guigang (Gangcheng)	面
Guigang (Nanjiang)	面
Guigang (Pingdong)	面
Beiliu (Tangliao)	面
Baise	面
Bobai	面
Lingshan	面
Pubei	面
Qinzhou	面
Beihai	面
Beihai (Nankang)	面
Beihai (Yingpan)	面
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	面
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	面
Ningming	面
Hengzhou	面
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	面
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	面
Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua)	面
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	面
Ipoh (Guangfu)	面
Sarikei (Xinhui)	面
Singapore (Guangfu)	面
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	面
Móng Cái	面
Yangon (Taishan)	面
Mandalay (Taishan)	面
Bangkok (Guangfu)	面
Betong (Rongxian)	面
Gan	Nanchang	臉
	Poyang	臉
	Yugan	面
	Wannian	面
	Yiyang, Jiangxi	面
	Hengfeng	面
	Yanshan (Hekou)	面
	Lichuan	面
	Pingxiang	面
	Jianning	面嘴
Hakka	Meixian	面
	Xingning	面
	Dabu (Xihe)	面
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	面鉢
	Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua)	面
	Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua)	面
	Huiyang	面鉢
	Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua)	面
	Huidong (Daling)	面
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	面鉢
	Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua)	面
	Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua)	面
	Boluo (Bendihua)	面
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	面鉢
	Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)	面鉢
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	面鉢
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	面鉢
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	面
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	面
	Wuhua (Changbu)	面
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	面
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	面
	Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua)	面
	Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)	面
	Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua)	面
	Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)	面
	Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua)	面
	Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)	面
	Wengyuan	面
	Nanxiong (Zhuji)	面
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	面
	Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua)	面
	Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua)	面
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	面
	Liannan	面
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	面
	Jiexi	面
	Luhe	面
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	面
	Nanjing (Meilin)	面
	Nanjing (Tianluokeng, Shuyang)	面
	Changting	面
	Longyan (Yongding)	面
	Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)	面
	Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding)	面
	Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)	面
	Wuping	面
	Wuping (Zhongshan)	面
	Wuping (Yanqian)	面
	Wuping (Pingyu)	面
	Liancheng	面
	Liancheng (Peitian)	面
	Liancheng (Juxi)	面
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	面
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	面
	Ninghua	面, 面嘴
	Qingliu	面嘴
	Yudu	面盤
	Ningdu	面
	Ruijin	面
	Shicheng	面
	Shangyou (Shexi)	面
	Tonggu (Sandu)	面
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	面
Dayu	面
Miaoli (N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	面
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	面
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	面
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	面
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	面
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	面
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	面
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	面
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	面
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	面
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	面
Hong Kong	面, 面鉢
Yangxi (Tangkou)	面
Yangchun (Sanjia)	面
Xinyi (Sihe)	面
Xinyi (Qianpai)	面
Gaozhou (Xindong)	面
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	面
Huazhou (Xin'an)	面
Lianjiang (Shijiao)	面
Lianjiang (Qingping)	面
Mengshan (Xihe)	面
Luchuan	面
Luchuan (Daqiao)	面
Beiliu (Tang'an)	面
Mashan (Pianlian)	面
Hengzhou (Xiaoyi)	面
Chengdu (Longtan)	面
Chengdu (Shiling)	面
Chengdu (Longwang)	面
Chengdu (Shibantan)	面
Chengdu (Hexingchang)	面
Weiyuan (Guanyingtan)	面
Yilong (Ma'an)	面
Xichang (Huanglianguan)	面
Sabah (Bao'an)	面
Sabah (Longchuan)	面
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	面
Senai (Huiyang)	面鉢
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	面
Singkawang	面
Singapore (Meixian)	面
Singapore (Dabu)	面
Bangkok (Meixian)	面
Bangkok (Fengshun)	面
Bangkok (Jiexi)	面
Huizhou	Jixi	面嘴, 面
	Shexian	面嘴
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	面嘴
	Xiuning	面嘴
	Yixian	面嘴
	Qimen	面
	Wuyuan	面, 面相
	Fuliang	面嘴
	Dexing	面嘴
Jin	Taiyuan	臉
	Taiyuan (Jinyuan)	臉
	Yangyuan	臉
	Datong	臉
	Xinzhou	臉, 臉面
	Lüliang (Lishi)	臉
	Changzhi	臉, 臉面
	Taibus (Baochang)	臉
	Linhe	臉
	Jining	臉
	Hohhot	臉
	Baotou	臉
	Dongsheng	眉眼
	Haibowan	面
	Erenhot	臉
	Pingshan	臉
	Zhangjiakou	臉
	Handan	臉
	Linzhou	臉
	Suide	臉, 臉面
	Shenmu	眉眼
Jiuxing Yumin	Lanxi	面孔
Northern Min	Jian'ou	面, 面頰
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	面頰
	Nanping (Xiayang, Yanping)	面
	Songxi	面, 面頰
	Zhenghe	面
	Shunchang (Yangdun)	面
	Jianyang	面
	Wuyishan	面
	Pucheng (Shibei)	面
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	面
	Fuzhou (Changle)	面
	Fuqing	面, 面䫌
	Yongtai	面
	Gutian	面
	Pingnan	面
	Fu'an	面
	Ningde	面
	Shouning	面
	Zhouning	面
	Fuding	面
	Youxi	面
	Youxi (Xiyang, Xibin)	面
	Youxi (Tiantang, Yangzhong)	面
	Youxi (Tangchuan)	面
	Youxi (Zhongxian)	面
	Matsu	面
Southern Min	Xiamen	面
	Quanzhou	面
	Shishi	面
	Yongchun	面
	Zhangzhou	面
	Zhao'an	面
	Dongshan	面
	Taipei	面
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	面
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	面
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	面
	Kaohsiung	面
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	面
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	面
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	面
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	面
	Yilan	面
	Yilan (Luodong)	面
	Yilan (Toucheng)	面
	Changhua (Lukang)	面
	Changhua (Yongjing)	面
	Taichung	面
	Tainan	面
	Tainan (Anping)	面
	Hsinchu	面
	Miaoli (Houlong)	面
	Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng)	面
	Kinmen	面
	Penghu (Magong)	面
	Penghu (Xiyu)	面
	Penang (Hokkien)	面
	Singapore (Hokkien)	面
	Manila (Hokkien)	面
	Longyan	面頰
	Zhangping	面
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	面
	Datian	面, 隔溝
	Datian (Guangping)	面
	Youxi (Jiemian, Banmian)	面
	Youxi (Longyi, Xinyang)	面
	Shunchang (Pushang)	面
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	面
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	面
	Guiping (Xiaowen)	面
	Guiping (Dongsheng)	面
	Chaozhou	面
	Shantou	面
	Shantou (Chenghai)	面
	Nan'ao (Houzhai)	面
	Nan'ao (Yun'ao)	面
	Jieyang	面
	Haifeng	面
	Bangkok (Teochew)	面
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	面
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	面
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	面
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	面
	Singapore (Teochew)	面
	Leizhou	面
	Wenchang	面
	Haikou	面
	Singapore (Hainanese)	面
Puxian Min	Putian	面
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	面
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	面
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	面
	Xianyou	面
	Xianyou (Fengting)	面
	Xianyou (Youyang)	面
	Fuding (Aoyao)	面
Central Min	Yong'an	面嘴
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	面嘴, 面
	Sanming (Shaxian)	面嘴
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	面嘴
	Guangze	面
	Jiangle	面
	Mingxi	面嘴
	Shunchang	面把
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	面
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	面
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	面
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Xinxu)	面
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	面
Northern Pinghua	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	面
Shehua	Fu'an	面
	Fuding	面
	Luoyuan	面
	Sanming	面
	Shunchang	面
	Hua'an	面
	Guixi (Zhangping)	面
	Cangnan	面
	Jingning (Hexi)	面
	Lishui	面
	Longyou	面
	Chaozhou	面
	Fengshun	面
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	面包
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	面
Wu	Shanghai	面孔, 面顴, 番斯
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	面孔
	Shanghai (Jiading)	面孔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	面孔
	Suzhou	面孔
	Danyang	面孔
	Hangzhou	臉, 臉孔
	Ningbo	面孔
	Wenzhou	面股, 面
	Yunhe	面
	Qingyuan	面
	Suichang	面
	Changshan	面
	Kaihua	面
	Longyou	面嘴
	Jinhua	面, 面孔
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	面
	Yongkang	面切
	Pujiang	面, 面孔
	Dongyang	面切
	Pan'an	面
	Wuyi	面孔
	Shangrao	面嘴
	Shangrao (Guangfeng)	面嘴
	Yushan	面
Xiang	Changsha	臉
	Loudi	面
	Shuangfeng	面
	Quanzhou	臉
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	面腮
Xiangnan Tuhua	Dong'an	面古
Yuebei Tuhua	Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang)	面
	Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang)	面
	Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang)	面鉢, 面
	Renhua (Zhoutian)	面
	Renhua (Shitang)	面
	Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou)	面鉢
	Lechang (Changlai)	面
	Lechang (Beixiang)	面
	Lechang (Huangpu)	面
	Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi)	面
	Lechang (Sanxi)	面

Dialectal synonyms of 元 (“yuan; dollar”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		圓, 元
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	塊
	Taiwan	塊
	Harbin	塊
	Malaysia	塊
	Singapore	塊
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	塊
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	塊
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	塊
	Wanrong	塊
	Xi'an	塊
	Xining	塊
	Xuzhou	塊
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	塊
	Lanzhou	塊
	Ürümqi	塊
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	塊
	Wuhan	塊
	Guiyang	塊
	Guilin	塊
	Liuzhou	塊
	Nanning (Wuming)	塊
	Shanglin (Sanli)	塊
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	塊
	Yangzhou	塊
	Hefei	塊
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蚊, 蚊雞, 雞士, 個, 銀, 度嘢
	Hong Kong	蚊, 蚊雞, 雞士, 個, 銀, 雞嘢, 皮
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	蚊
	Macau	蚊
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	蚊
	Foshan	蚊
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	文
	Foshan (Shunde)	蚊
	Foshan (Sanshui)	蚊雞
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	蚊雞
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蚊
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蚊
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蚊
	Taishan	蚊
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蚊
	Enping (Niujiang)	蚊
	Heshan (Yayao)	蚊
	Dongguan	蚊, 蚊雞
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	蚊
	Qingyuan	蚊
	Fogang	蚊
	Yingde (Hanguang)	蚊
	Yangshan	蚊
	Lianshan (Butian)	蚊
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	蚊
	Shaoguan	蚊
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	蚊
	Renhua	蚊雞
	Lechang	蚊
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	蚊
	Sihui	蚊雞
	Deqing	蚊
	Huaiji	蚊
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	蚊
	Yunfu	蚊
	Xinxing	蚊
	Luoding	蚊
	Yunan (Pingtai)	蚊
	Yangjiang	蚊, 個
	Lianjiang	蚊
	Nanning	蚊
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	蚊
	Qinzhou	蚊
	Beihai	蚊
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	蚊
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	蚊
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	蚊
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	箍, 蚊
	Penang (Guangfu)	蚊
	Singapore (Guangfu)	蚊, 箍
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	蚊
	Móng Cái	蚊
Gan	Nanchang	塊
	Lichuan	塊
	Pingxiang	塊
Hakka	Meixian	塊
	Xingning	吊
	Yudu	塊
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	個
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	個
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	個
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	個
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	個
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	銀, 箍
	Hong Kong	塊, 蚊
	Sabah (Longchuan)	箍
	Senai (Huiyang)	箍
	Kuching (Hepo)	箍
	Singkawang	盾
	Singapore (Dabu)	箍
Huizhou	Jixi	塊
Jin	Taiyuan	塊
Jin	Xinzhou	塊
Northern Min	Jian'ou	塊
Northern Min	Pucheng (Shibei)	塊
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	塊
	Fuqing	塊
	Matsu	塊
Southern Min	Xiamen	箍
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	箍
	Quanzhou	箍
	Shishi	箍
	Zhangzhou	箍
	Zhao'an	箍
	Dongshan	箍
	Taipei	箍
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	箍
	Kaohsiung	箍
	Yilan	箍
	Changhua (Lukang)	箍
	Taichung	箍
	Tainan	箍
	Hsinchu	箍
	Kinmen	箍
	Penghu (Magong)	箍
	Penang (Hokkien)	箍
	Singapore (Hokkien)	箍
	Manila (Hokkien)	箍
	Chaozhou	銀, 箍, 個, 個銀
	Shantou	銀, 個, 箍 dated, 個銀
	Shantou (Chenghai)	銀
	Jieyang	個, 個銀
	Haifeng	個銀
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	箍
	Singapore (Teochew)	箍, 個銀
	Leizhou	個
	Wenchang	銀, 個
	Haikou	個銀, 銀
	Qionghai	銀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	箍
Puxian Min	Putian	個
Puxian Min	Xianyou	個
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	蚊
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	蚊, 蚊雞
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	塊
Wu	Shanghai	塊
	Shanghai (Chongming)	塊
	Suzhou	塊
	Danyang	塊
	Hangzhou	塊
	Wenzhou	個
	Jinhua	塊
Xiang	Changsha	塊
	Loudi	塊
	Shuangfeng	塊
	Quanzhou	塊

Dialectal synonyms of 件 (“(classifier for clothes)”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		件
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	件兒
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	件
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	件
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	件兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	件
	Wuhan	件
	Guiyang	皮
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	件
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	件
Cantonese	Guangzhou	件
	Hong Kong	件
	Yangjiang	件
Gan	Nanchang	件
Hakka	Meixian	件
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	領
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	領
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	領
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	領
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	領
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	領
Jin	Taiyuan	件
Northern Min	Jian'ou	件
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	件
Southern Min	Xiamen	領
	Quanzhou	領
	Zhangzhou	領
	Tainan	領
	Chaozhou	件
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	件
Wu	Suzhou	件
Wu	Wenzhou	件
Xiang	Changsha	件
Xiang	Shuangfeng	隻

Dialectal synonyms of 堵 (“(classifier for walls)”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		堵, 面, 道
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	堵, 面, 道
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	堵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	堵
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	堵
	Xi'an	堵
	Xining	堵
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	堵
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	堵
	Guiyang	堵
	Liuzhou	堵
Cantonese	Guangzhou	埲, 幅
	Hong Kong	埲, 幅
	Dongguan	條
Hakka	Meixian	皮
Huizhou	Jixi	堵, 面, 皮
Jin	Taiyuan	堵
Jin	Xinzhou	堵
Northern Min	Jian'ou	板, 堵
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	堵
Southern Min	Xiamen	堵
	Quanzhou	堵
	Zhangzhou	堵
	Taipei (Wanhua)	片
	Kaohsiung	面
	Yilan	堵
	Changhua (Lukang)	面
	Taichung	片
	Taichung (Wuqi)	片
	Tainan	堵, 面
	Taitung	片
	Hsinchu	片
	Penghu (Magong)	片
	Jieyang	爿, 埤, 片
	Puning	方, 埤
	Haikou	幅
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	幅
Wu	Shanghai	堵
	Shanghai (Chongming)	堵
	Suzhou	堵
	Danyang	堵
	Hangzhou	堵
	Jinhua	堵
Xiang	Changsha	堵

Compounds

一肚皮
下皮
上皮組織 / 上皮组织 (shàngpí zǔzhī)
中果皮
丹皮
五加皮 (wǔjiāpí)
仿羊皮紙 / 仿羊皮纸
俏皮
俏皮話 / 俏皮话
做面皮
光皮散兒 / 光皮散儿
內皮 / 内皮 (nèipí)
兩張皮 / 两张皮
兩扇皮 / 两扇皮
刁皮
刮地皮
刮臉皮 / 刮脸皮 (guā liǎnpí)
剝一層皮 / 剥一层皮
剝皮 / 剥皮
剝皮剉骨 / 剥皮剉骨
剝皮剔骨 / 剥皮剔骨
剝皮抽筋 / 剥皮抽筋
剝面皮 / 剥面皮
包皮 (bāopí)
卷地皮
厚皮香
厚臉皮 / 厚脸皮 (hòu liǎnpí)
反穿皮襖 / 反穿皮袄
口皮 (kǒupí)
合成皮
吹牛皮 (chuī niúpí)
單皮鼓 / 单皮鼓 (dānpígǔ)
單眼皮 / 单眼皮 (dānyǎnpí)
嘴皮子 (zuǐpízi)
嘻皮笑臉 (xīpíxiàoliǎn)
地皮 (dìpí)
地骨皮 (dìgǔpí)
壁上泥皮
外果皮 (wàiguǒpí)
夠皮 / 够皮
大吹牛皮
大腹皮 (dàfùpí)
大腦皮層 / 大脑皮层
大腦皮質 / 大脑皮质 (dànǎo pízhì)
大面皮兒 / 大面皮儿
奶皮 (nǎipí)
妍皮痴骨
嬉皮 (xīpí)
嬌皮嫩肉 / 娇皮嫩肉
嬉皮笑臉 / 嬉皮笑脸 (xīpíxiàoliǎn)
寢皮食肉 / 寝皮食肉
寬皮毛 / 宽皮毛
寬皮說話 / 宽皮说话
封皮 (fēngpí)
小眼薄皮
川種皮 / 川种皮
左皮氣 / 左皮气
心皮 (xīnpí)
憨皮
扯皮 (chěpí)
扯皮弄筋
扯破臉皮 / 扯破脸皮
拖狗皮
拉皮 (lāpí)
拉皮條 / 拉皮条 (lāpítiáo)
抽筋剝皮 / 抽筋剥皮
括地皮
掉皮
撂皮 (liàopí)
擀皮
敗鼓之皮 / 败鼓之皮
春捲皮 / 春卷皮
書皮 / 书皮 (shūpí)
有肚皮
杜皮 (Dùpí)
果皮 (guǒpí)
松皮癬 / 松皮癣
桑白皮 (sāngbáipí)
桂皮 (guìpí)
栓皮 (shuānpí)
栓皮櫟 / 栓皮栎
桑皮紙 / 桑皮纸
桂皮酸
棘皮動物 / 棘皮动物 (jípí dòngwù)
植皮手術 / 植皮手术
榆白皮
樹皮 / 树皮 (shùpí)
橡皮 (xiàngpí)
橘皮 (júpí)
橙皮 (chéngpí)
橡皮圈
橡皮圖章 / 橡皮图章 (xiàngpí túzhāng)
橡皮擦 (xiàngpícā)
橡皮樹 / 橡皮树
橡皮筋 (xiàngpíjīn)
橡皮膏 (xiàngpígāo)
樺皮臉 / 桦皮脸
橡皮艇 (xiàngpítǐng)
橡皮釘子 / 橡皮钉子
死皮賴臉 / 死皮赖脸 (sǐpílàiliǎn)
毛皮 (máopí)
毛蒂青皮
水皮子
水黃皮 / 水黄皮
沒皮子 / 没皮子
沒皮條 / 没皮条
沒皮沒臉 / 没皮没脸
沒皮賴臉 / 没皮赖脸
沒面皮 / 没面皮
油皮
洋鐵皮 / 洋铁皮
海桐皮
浮皮潦草
涎皮賴臉 / 涎皮赖脸 (xiánpílàiliǎn)
浮皮蹭癢 / 浮皮蹭痒
涎臉涎皮 / 涎脸涎皮
海蜇皮 (hǎizhépí)
涼皮 / 凉皮 (liángpí)
漆皮
漆皮兒 / 漆皮儿
滿肚皮 / 满肚皮
潑皮 / 泼皮 (pōpí)
潑皮無賴 / 泼皮无赖
潑皮貨 / 泼皮货
潑皮賴虎 / 泼皮赖虎
激皮皮 (kek-phî-phî) (Min Nan)
炒地皮
熟皮
燕皮 (yànpí)
燥皮
牆上泥皮 / 墙上泥皮
牛皮 (niúpí)
牛皮大王 (niúpí dàwáng)
牛皮癬 / 牛皮癣 (niúpíxuǎn)
牛皮糖 (niúpítáng)
牛皮紙 / 牛皮纸 (niúpízhǐ)
犀皮
狗皮倒灶
狗皮膏藥 / 狗皮膏药
獃串了皮 / 呆串了皮
環狀剝皮 / 环状剥皮
瓜皮帽 (guāpímào)
生皮
略知皮毛
畫皮 / 画皮 (huàpí)
瘦皮猴
癩皮狗 / 癞皮狗 (làipígǒu)
癩皮病 / 癞皮病
白淨面皮 / 白净面皮
白皮書 / 白皮书 (báipíshū)
白皮松 (báipísōng)
白鉛皮 / 白铅皮
白鐵皮 / 白铁皮
白面皮
皮下出血
皮下注射
皮下移植
皮下組織 / 皮下组织 (píxià zǔzhī)
皮之不存，毛將焉附 / 皮之不存，毛将焉附 (pí zhī bù cún, máo jiāng yān fù)
皮件
皮傅 (pífù)
皮冠
皮包 (píbāo)
皮包骨 (píbāogǔ)
皮匠 (píjiàng)
皮匣
皮囊
皮困秋
皮塑
皮夾 / 皮夹 (píjiā)
皮夾兒 / 皮夹儿
皮夾子 / 皮夹子 (píjiāzi)
皮婚
皮嬌肉嫩 / 皮娇肉嫩
皮子 (pízi)
皮孔
皮孩子
皮實 / 皮实 (píshi)
皮尺 (píchǐ)
皮層 / 皮层
皮山 (Píshān)
皮島 / 皮岛
皮帶 / 皮带 (pídài)
皮帶傳動 / 皮带传动
皮幣 / 皮币
皮弁
皮張 / 皮张
皮影戲 / 皮影戏 (píyǐngxì)
皮托管 (Pítuōguǎn)
皮拉勒 (Pílālè)
皮掌兒 / 皮掌儿
皮故
皮果
皮板兒 / 皮板儿
皮格
皮條 / 皮条 (pítiáo)
皮桶兒 / 皮桶儿
皮桶子
皮條客 / 皮条客 (pítiáokè)
皮條艇 / 皮条艇
皮棉
皮毛 (pímáo)
皮水
皮漏
皮焦肉爛 / 皮焦肉烂
皮燈毬 / 皮灯球
皮燈籠 / 皮灯笼
皮猴戲 / 皮猴戏 (píhóuxì)
皮球 (píqiú)
皮瑞
皮疹 (pízhěn)
皮癢 / 皮痒
皮皮
皮皮的
皮相 (píxiàng)
皮相士
皮破血流
皮硝 (píxiāo)
皮笑
皮笊籬 / 皮笊篱
皮筏 (pífá)
皮筒兒 / 皮筒儿
皮節 / 皮节 (píjié)
皮箱 (píxiāng)
皮簧
皮紙 / 皮纸
皮纏 / 皮缠
皮翼獸 / 皮翼兽
皮翼目
皮肉 (píròu)
皮肉之傷 / 皮肉之伤
皮肉生涯
皮脂 (pízhī)
皮脂腺 (pízhīxiàn)
皮膚 / 皮肤 (pífū)
皮膚炎 / 皮肤炎 (pífūyán)
皮膚甲錯 / 皮肤甲错
皮膚病 / 皮肤病 (pífūbìng)
皮膚癌 / 皮肤癌 (pífū'ái)
皮膜組織 / 皮膜组织
皮膚肌炎 / 皮肤肌炎 (pífūjīyán)
皮臉 / 皮脸
皮船
皮花
皮草 (pícǎo)
皮著臉 / 皮着脸
皮蛋 (pídàn)
皮衣 (píyī)
皮袋
皮裘
皮裡抽肉 / 皮里抽肉
皮裡春秋 / 皮里春秋
皮裡晉書 / 皮里晋书
皮裡膜外 / 皮里膜外
皮裡走肉 / 皮里走肉
皮裡陽秋 / 皮里阳秋 (pílǐyángqiū)
皮製品 / 皮制品
皮襖 / 皮袄 (pí'ǎo)
皮西那 (Píxīnà)
皮解庫 / 皮解库
皮諾丘 / 皮诺丘
皮貨 / 皮货
皮費 / 皮费
皮質 / 皮质 (pízhì)
皮質素 / 皮质素 (pízhìsù)
皮賴歪派 / 皮赖歪派
皮軒 / 皮轩
皮郛 (pífú)
皮重 (pízhòng)
皮開肉破 / 皮开肉破
皮開肉綻 / 皮开肉绽 (píkāiròuzhàn)
皮開肉裂 / 皮开肉裂
皮雕
皮面
皮革 (pígé)
皮靴 (píxuē)
皮靴頁兒 / 皮靴页儿
皮鞋 (píxié)
皮鞭
皮頭夯腦 / 皮头夯脑
皮風騷癢 / 皮风骚痒
皮鬆 / 皮松
皮鬆肉緊 / 皮松肉紧
皮鬆骨癢 / 皮松骨痒
皮黃 / 皮黄
皮黃劇 / 皮黄剧
皮黃腔 / 皮黄腔
真皮 (zhēnpí)
眼皮 (yǎnpí)
眼皮兒雜 / 眼皮儿杂
眼皮子 (yǎnpízi)
眼皮子淺 / 眼皮子浅
眼皮子高
石榴皮 (shíliúpí)
硬橡皮
硬皮馬勃 / 硬皮马勃 (yìngpí mǎbó)
硬著頭皮 / 硬着头皮 (yìngzhe tóupí)
磅皮
磨嘴皮
種皮 / 种皮
筍皮 / 笋皮
粉丹皮
粉皮 (fěnpí)
粘皮帶骨 / 粘皮带骨
紅皮書 / 红皮书
綠皮層 / 绿皮层
綠豆皮兒 / 绿豆皮儿
羊皮紙 / 羊皮纸 (yángpízhǐ)
羊質虎皮 / 羊质虎皮
羔皮 (gāopí)
翻皮
翻面皮
老剝皮 / 老剥皮
老臉皮 / 老脸皮
老著臉皮 / 老着脸皮
老虎皮
老起面皮
老面皮
耍嘴皮 (shuǎ zuǐpí)
耍嘴皮子 (shuǎ zuǐpízi)
耍賴皮 / 耍赖皮 (shuǎ làipí)
肉皮 (ròupí)
肉綻皮開 / 肉绽皮开
肚皮 (dùpí)
肚皮裡 / 肚皮里
脫皮 / 脱皮 (tuōpí)
脫皮裹劑 / 脱皮裹剂
膠皮 / 胶皮 (jiāopí)
膠皮車 / 胶皮车
膨皮
臊皮
臉皮 / 脸皮 (liǎnpí)
臉皮厚 / 脸皮厚
臉皮薄 / 脸皮薄
臉黃皮寡 / 脸黄皮寡
臭皮匠 (chòupíjiàng)
臭皮囊
與狐謀皮 / 与狐谋皮 (yǔhúmóupí)
與虎謀皮 / 与虎谋皮 (yǔhǔmóupí)
苦木皮
草皮 (cǎopí)
蕎麥皮 / 荞麦皮
藍皮書 / 蓝皮书
虎死留皮
虎皮
虎皮松
虎皮羊質 / 虎皮羊质
虼螂皮
蛇皮松
蛻皮 / 蜕皮 (tuìpí)
蝦皮 / 虾皮 (xiāpí)
蠟皮 / 蜡皮
蠻皮 / 蛮皮 (mánpí)
表皮 (biǎopí)
西皮 (xīpí)
西皮流水
討面皮 / 讨面皮
調皮 / 调皮 (tiáopí)
調皮搗蛋 / 调皮捣蛋
調皮鬼 / 调皮鬼 (tiáopíguǐ)
谷樹皮 / 谷树皮
豆皮 (dòupí)
豆腐皮 (dòufupí)
象皮病 (xiàngpíbìng)
象皮紙 / 象皮纸 (xiàngpízhǐ)
豹死留皮
豹皮帽
貂皮大衣
貼皮貼肉 / 贴皮贴肉
賊皮賊骨 / 贼皮贼骨
賴極皮 / 赖极皮
賴皮 / 赖皮 (làipí)
賴肉頑皮 / 赖肉顽皮
賴骨頑皮 / 赖骨顽皮
起皮子
踢皮球 (tī píqiú)
蹋皮兒 / 蹋皮儿
車皮 / 车皮 (chēpí)
軟青皮 / 软青皮
逗嘴皮子
連皮帶骨 / 连皮带骨
邊皮兒 / 边皮儿
邪皮
醫肚皮 / 医肚皮
野櫻皮 / 野樱皮
錯翻眼皮 / 错翻眼皮
鐵皮 / 铁皮 (tiěpí)
鑽皮出羽 / 钻皮出羽
陳皮 / 陈皮 (chénpí)
陳皮梅 / 陈皮梅 (chénpíméi)
隔皮斷貨 / 隔皮断货
雁皮
雞母皮 / 鸡母皮 (ke-bó-phôe) (Min Nan)
雞毛蒜皮 / 鸡毛蒜皮 (jīmáosuànpí)
雞皮 / 鸡皮 (jīpí)
雞皮栗子 / 鸡皮栗子
雞皮疙瘩 / 鸡皮疙瘩 (jīpí gēda)
雞皮鶴髮 / 鸡皮鹤发 (jīpíhèfà)
雙眼皮 / 双眼皮 (shuāngyǎnpí)
雞肫皮 / 鸡肫皮
青皮 (qīngpí)
面皮 (miànpí)
面皮厚
面皮失色
面皮焦黃 / 面皮焦黄
面皮薄
面皮鐵青 / 面皮铁青
韌皮纖維 / 韧皮纤维
韌皮部 / 韧皮部 (rènpíbù)
頂瓜皮 / 顶瓜皮
頑皮 / 顽皮 (wánpí)
頑皮賴骨 / 顽皮赖骨
頭皮 / 头皮 (tóupí)
頭皮兒薄 / 头皮儿薄
頭皮屑 / 头皮屑 (tóupíxiè)
顛番面皮 / 颠番面皮
食肉寢皮 / 食肉寝皮 (shíròuqǐnpí)
驢皮影 / 驴皮影 (lǚpíyǐng)
驢皮膠 / 驴皮胶
驢蒙虎皮 / 驴蒙虎皮
鶴髮雞皮 / 鹤发鸡皮
鹿皮冠 (lùpíguān)
麩皮 / 麸皮 (fūpí)
麻葉皮 / 麻叶皮
黃皮書 / 黄皮书
黑漆皮燈 / 黑漆皮灯
鼉皮鼓 / 鼍皮鼓

Pronunciation 2

Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): pei⁴ / pei^4-2

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): pai^4-2

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: pei⁴ / pei^4-2
  - Yale: pèih / péi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pei⁴ / pei^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: péi⁴ / péi^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰei̯²¹/, /pʰei̯²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: pai^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐi²¹⁻³⁵/

Definitions

皮

(Cantonese) Short for 皮費／皮费 (“operation expense”).

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (皮):

→ Japanese: 皮(び) (bi); 皮(ひ) (hi)
→ Korean: 피(皮) (pi)
→ Vietnamese: bì (皮)

Japanese

Kanji

皮

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: び (bi)
Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
Kun: かわ (kawa, 皮, Jōyō)^{←かは (kafa, 皮, historical)}

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
皮
かわ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

/kapa/ → /kaɸa/ → /kawa/.

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kapa.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かわ (Odaka – )^[1]
IPA^(key):

Noun

皮(かわ) • (kawa) ^{←かは (kafa)^?}

skin
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 33:
  皮釋名云、皮. 音疲、加波
  Skin. The explanation says "skin; the Chinese reading is like that of 疲 (MC bje); the Japanese reading is kafa".

Related terms

革(かわ) (kawa): leather

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 皮 (MC bje). Recorded as Middle Korean 피 (phi) (Yale: phi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

皮

Wikisource

皮 (eumhun 가죽 피 (gajuk pi))

hanja form^? of 피 (“skin”)

Compounds

계피 (桂皮, gyepi)
모피 (毛皮, mopi)
철면피 (鐵面皮, cheolmyeonpi)
탄피 (彈皮, tanpi)
탈피 (脫皮, talpi)
표피 (表皮, pyopi)
피부 (皮膚, pibu)
피부과 (皮膚科, pibugwa)
피부병 (皮膚病, pibubyeong)
피부색 (皮膚色, pibusaek)
피부암 (皮膚癌, pibuam)
피부염 (皮膚炎, pibuyeom)
피질 (皮質, pijil)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

皮: Hán Nôm readings: bì, bề, vừa, bầy, bìa, vào

chữ Hán form of bì (“skin; envelope”).

Compounds

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

皮

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

Compounds

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

References

Korean

Etymology

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Han character

Compounds

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia

SI prefix
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納/奈 / 纳/奈	皮	飛 / 飞 (fēi)