盛夏

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Chinese

		flourishing; to hold; contain flourishing; to hold; contain; to ladle; pick up with a utensil; surname	summer; Xia (proper name)
trad. (盛夏)		盛	夏
simp. ^#(盛夏)		盛	夏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shèngxià

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sing⁶ haa⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shèngxià
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shèngsià
  - Wade–Giles: shêng⁴-hsia⁴
  - Yale: shèng-syà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenqshiah
  - Palladius: шэнся (šɛnsja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sing⁶ haa⁶
  - Yale: sihng hah
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sing⁶ haa⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xing⁶ ha⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ²² haː²²/

Middle Chinese: dzyengH haeH

Rime
Character	盛	夏
Reading #	2/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	承正切	胡駕切
Baxter	dzyengH	haeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇŋ^H/	/ɦˠa^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛŋ^H/	/ɦᵚa^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiæŋ^H/	/ɣa^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajŋ^H/	/ɦaɨ^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛŋ^H/	/ɣa^H/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛŋ^H/	/ɣa^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛŋ^H/	/ɣa^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shèng	xià
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing⁶	haa⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*eŋ-s ˤraʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*djeŋs ɡraːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	盛	夏
Reading #	2/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shèng	xià
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyeng^H ›	‹ hæ^H ›
Old Chinese	/*eŋ-s/	/ˁraʔ/ (~ ˁraʔ-s)
English	full, abundant	summer
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	盛	夏
Reading #	2/2	2/2
No.	1425	13454
Phonetic component	成	夏
Rime group	耕	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	盛	暇
Old Chinese	/*djeŋs/	/*ɡraːs/

Noun

盛夏

midsummer; height of summer; very hot weather

Synonyms

盛暑 (shèngshǔ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
盛	夏
せい Grade: 6	か Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) せーか (Atamadaka – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

盛(せい)夏(か) • (seika)

midsummer
Synonym: 真夏 (manatsu)

Antonym: 真冬 (mafuyu)

See also

酷暑(こくしょ) (kokusho, “oppressive heat”)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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