真空

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See also: 眞空

Chinese

real; true; genuine
 
emptied; leisure; air
emptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain
trad. (真空/眞空) 真/眞 空
simp. (真空) 真 空
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Pronunciation

Rime
Character 真 空
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial (聲) 章 (23) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 眞 (43) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 側鄰切 苦紅切
Baxter tsyin khuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiɪn/ /kʰuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕin/ /kʰuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjen/ /kʰuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cin/ /kʰəwŋ/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiĕn/ /kʰuŋ/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭĕn/ /kʰuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/ /kʰuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhēn kōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zan1 hung1

Noun

真空

  1. (physics or figuratively) vacuum
    信仰真空  ―  xìnyǎng zhēnkōng  ―  belief vacuum
  2. (Buddhism) any phenomenon without material existence (clarification of this definition is needed)

Derived terms

Verb

真空

  1. (neologism) to not wear underwear (partially or fully)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
真 空
しん
Grade: 3 		くう
Grade: 1
on’yomi goon
Alternative spelling
眞空 (kyūjitai)
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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 真空 (MC tsyin khuwng).

First attested in the 懐風藻 (Kaifūsō) anthology of Sinitic poetry written by Japanese authors, compiled in 751.

The modern sense of vacuum is first attested in 1876.

Pronunciation

Adjective

真(しん)空(くう) • (shinkū) -na (adnominal 真(しん)空(くう)な (shinkū na), adverbial 真(しん)空(くう)に (shinkū ni))

  1. (rare) vacant, empty

Usage notes

Monolingual dictionaries do not include any adjective sense, suggesting that this usage may be a recent development that is not yet considered standard.

Inflection

Inflection of 真空
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 真空だろ しんくうだろ shinkū daro
Continuative (連用形) 真空で しんくうで shinkū de
Terminal (終止形) 真空だ しんくうだ shinkū da
Attributive (連体形) 真空な しんくうな shinkū na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 真空なら しんくうなら shinkū nara
Imperative (命令形) 真空であれ しんくうであれ shinkū de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 真空ではない
真空じゃない 		しんくうではない
しんくうじゃない 		shinkū de wa nai
shinkū ja nai
Informal past 真空だった しんくうだった shinkū datta
Informal negative past 真空ではなかった
真空じゃなかった 		しんくうではなかった
しんくうじゃなかった 		shinkū de wa nakatta
shinkū ja nakatta
Formal 真空です しんくうです shinkū desu
Formal negative 真空ではありません
真空じゃありません 		しんくうではありません
しんくうじゃありません 		shinkū de wa arimasen
shinkū ja arimasen
Formal past 真空でした しんくうでした shinkū deshita
Formal negative past 真空ではありませんでした
真空じゃありませんでした 		しんくうではありませんでした
しんくうじゃありませんでした 		shinkū de wa arimasen deshita
shinkū ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 真空で しんくうで shinkū de
Conditional 真空なら（ば） しんくうなら（ば） shinkū nara (ba)
Provisional 真空だったら しんくうだったら shinkū dattara
Volitional 真空だろう しんくうだろう shinkū darō
Adverbial 真空に しんくうに shinkū ni
Degree 真空さ しんくうさ shinkūsa

Noun

真(しん)空(くう) • (shinkū) 

  1. (physics) vacuum: a region of space that contains no matter, a void
  2. (figurative) a blank, an empty slate
    • 1907, Natsume Sōseki, 虞美人草 (Gubijinsō)‎ (fiction):
      欽(きん)吾(ご)と藤(ふじ)尾(お)の事(こと)を引(ひ)き抜(ぬ)くと頭(あたま)は真(しん)空(くう)になる。
      Kingo to Fujio no koto o hikinuku to atama wa shinkū ni naru.
      Pulling out thoughts of Kingo and Fujio leave his head a blank slate.
  3. (Buddhism) sunyata: void, emptiness, non-existence; also, in the early Buddhist schools, enlightenment, nirvana
    Synonyms: (sunyata) 空 (kū), (nirvana) 涅槃 (nehan)

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
真空

Noun

真空 • (jin'gong) (hangeul 진공)

  1. Alternative form of 眞空 (“vacuum”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
真空

Noun

真空

  1. chữ Hán form of chân không (“vacuum”).
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