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Translingual
Stroke order
Han character
矢 (Kangxi radical 111, 矢 +0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人大 (OK ), four-corner 80430 , composition ⿱𠂉 大 or ⿰㇒ 天 )
Kangxi radical #111, ⽮ .
Derived characters
Appendix:Chinese radical/矢
𠤑 , 𠱈 , 垁 , 𭜟 , 𪭨 , 𪵳 , 𨒔 , 𪰕 , 䀢 , 䂠 , 䛈 , 聅 , 䠶 , 鉃 , 𩶇 , 𫨸 , 𦘗 , 雉 , 𩲶 , 鴙
𭰋 , 𥿅 , 𠤕 , 𡧦 , 㞺 , 𫶬 , 䒨 , 𪰖 , 𤼩 , 𬐇 , 𬙜 , 笶 , 医 , 𡱁 , 𢨻 , 𢇻 , 疾 , 𤕺 , 𪊢 , 𨴊
侯 , 候 , 㑨 , 族 , 𨕀 , 彘
See also
弓 , 疑
至 , which in early writing resembles 矢 pointing downward to the ground.
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 823 , character 34
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23929
Dae Jaweon: page 1235, character 22
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2580, character 1
Unihan data for U+77E2
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
彘
*l'eds
璏
*l'eds, *ɢʷleds, *ɢʷled
薙
*l̥ʰiːs, *ljiʔ, *l'iʔ
知
*ʔl'e
蜘
*te
智
*ʔl'es
鼅
*te
潪
*teɡs, *deɡ
踟
*de
雉
*l'iʔ
矢
*hliʔ
痴
*l̥ʰɯ
Pictogram (象形 ) – an arrow. More recognizable in older forms. Compare 畀 and 至 . See also the bottom component of 睪 and the original versions of 弗 and 𢦏 .
Etymology 1
arrow
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tV-lij ( “ bow (weapon); slingshot ” ) , with metonymic semantic shift from "bow" to "arrow"; cognate with Burmese လေး ( le: , “ bow; crossbow ” ) , Mizo li ( “ spring (as of gun, watch, etc.) ” ) , Japhug tɯdi ( “ bow ” ) , zdi ( “ arrow ” ) , Tangut 𘎗 ( *lhjɨ̣¹ , “ bow ” ) , 𗮆 ( *ljị¹ , “ arrow ” ) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007 ; Hill, 2013 ; Jacques, 2014 ; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019 ).
to swear, to vow
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium . Particularly: “From sense "arrow"?”)
Pronunciation
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
矢
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
shǐ
Middle Chinese
‹ syijX ›
Old Chinese
/*l̥iʔ/
English
arrow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
矢
Reading #
1/1
No.
11504
Phonetic component
矢
Rime group
脂
Rime subdivision
2
Corresponding MC rime
矢
Old Chinese
/*hliʔ/
Definitions
矢
( Classical , archery , weaponry ) arrow
周 道 如 砥 ,其 直 如 矢 。 From: The Classic of Poetry , c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE , translated based on James Legge 's versionZhōu dào rú dǐ, qí zhí rú shǐ . The way to Zhou was like a whetstone, And straight as an arrow .
to vow ; to swear
夫子 矢 之 曰 :「予 所 否 者 ,天 厭 之 ,天 厭 之 !」 夫子 矢 之 曰 :「予 所 否 者 ,天 厌 之 ,天 厌 之 !」 From: The Analects of Confucius , c. 475 – 221 BCE Fūzǐ shǐ zhī yuē: “Yú suǒ pǐ zhě, tiān yǎn zhī, tiān yǎn zhī!” he Master swore , saying, "Wherein I have done improperly, may Heaven reject me! may Heaven reject me!"
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
箭 (“arrow”)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
矢
Reading #
1/1
No.
11504
Phonetic component
矢
Rime group
脂
Rime subdivision
2
Corresponding MC rime
矢
Old Chinese
/*hliʔ/
Definitions
矢
alternative form of 屎 ( “ excrement ; poop ” )
石矢 ― sek6 si2 ― concrete (alternative form of 石屎 ( sek6 si2 ) )
夫 愛 馬 者 ,以 筐 盛 矢 ,以 蜄 盛 溺 。 夫 爱 马 者 ,以 筐 盛 矢 ,以 蜄 盛 溺 。 From: Zhuangzi , circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE , translated based on James Legge 's versionFú ài mǎ zhě, yǐ kuāng chéng shǐ , yǐ shèn chéng nì. Those again who are fond of horses preserve their dung in baskets, and their urine in jars (made from large clamshell).
廉 將軍 雖 老 ,尚 善 飯 ;然 與 臣 坐 ,頃之 三 遺 矢 矣 。 廉 将军 虽 老 ,尚 善 饭 ;然 与 臣 坐 ,顷之 三 遗 矢 矣 。 From: The Records of the Grand Historian , by Sima Qian , c. 91 BCE Lián jiāngjūn suī lǎo, shàng shàn fàn; rán yǔ chén zuò, qǐngzhī sān yíshǐ yǐ. General Lian , despite advanced age, has very good appetite. However, when conferring with me he had to excuse himself for toilet three times in a short while.
Compounds
References
“矢 ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database) , 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong ), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022 ), “矢 ”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 211 .
Japanese
Kanji
矢
(Second grade kyōiku kanji )
arrow
Readings
Compounds
Usage notes
Used in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE ) as 借音 ( shakuon ) kana for ⟨si⟩ .
Etymology 1
From Old Japanese . Found in the Kojiki of 712 CE , and in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 CE .
Edo-era ceremonial arrowhead depicting an arrow.
Pronunciation
Noun
矢( や ) • (ya )
( archery , weaponry ) an arrow
光( こう ) 陰( いん ) 矢( や ) の如( ごと ) し。Kōin ya no gotoshi. Shine and shadow, just like an arrow . → Time flies like an arrow .
, text here
大夫( ますらを ) 之( の ) 弓( ゆ ) 上( ずゑ ) 振( ふり ) 起( おこし ) 射都流( いつる ) 矢( や ) 乎( を ) 後( のち ) 将見( みむ ) 人( ひと ) 者( は ) 語( かたり ) 継( つぐ ) 金( がね ) ますらをの 弓( ゆ ) 末( ずゑ ) 振( ふ ) り起( おこ ) し射( い ) つる矢( や ) を後( のち ) 見( み ) む人( ひと ) は語( かた ) り継( つ ) ぐがね masurao no yuzue furiokoshi itsuru ya o nochi mimu hito wa kataritsugu gane (please add an English translation of this example)
a wedge used to break hard objects such as wood or stone
a 家紋 ( kamon , “ family crest ” ) with various designs of arrows
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
矢( や ) 面( おもて ) , 矢( や ) 表( おもて ) ( yaomote ) 矢( や ) 傷( きず ) , 矢( や ) 疵( きず ) ( yakizu ) 矢( や ) 倉( ぐら ) ( yagura ) 矢( や ) 印( じるし ) ( yajirushi ) 矢( や ) 継( つぎ ) , 矢継( やつ ) ぎ ( yatsugi ) 矢( や ) 壺( つぼ ) , 矢( や ) 坪( つぼ ) ( yatsubo ) 矢( や ) 所( どころ ) ( yadokoro ) 流鏑馬( やぶさめ ) ( yabusame ) 乙( おと ) 矢( や ) ( otoya ) 落( お ) とし矢( や ) , 落( おと ) し矢( や ) ( otoshiya ) 差( さし ) 矢( や ) , 差( さ ) し矢( や ) ( sashiya ) 猟( さつ ) 矢( や ) , 幸( さつ ) 矢( や ) ( satsuya ) 猟( しし ) 矢( や ) , 鹿( しし ) 矢( や ) ( shishiya ) 素矢( すや ) , 徒矢( すや ) ( suya ) 征矢( そや ) ( soya ) 止( とめ ) 矢( や ) , 止( と ) め矢( や ) ( tomeya ) 甲矢( はや ) , 兄矢( はや ) , 早矢( はや ) ( haya ) 弓( ゆみ ) 矢( や ) ( yumiya , “ bow and arrow ” )
Proper noun
矢( や ) • (Ya )
a place name
Etymology 2
From Old Japanese . Found in the Man'yōshū , completed some time after 759 CE .
Possibly cognate with Old Japanese -derived 幸 ( sachi , “ a hunting implement ” ) and Korean 살 ( sal , “ arrow ” ) .
This reading does not appear to be used in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation
Noun
矢( さ ) • (sa )
( obsolete ) an arrow
, text here
阿良之乎乃( あらしをの ) 伊乎( いを ) 佐( さ ) 太波佐美( たはさみ ) 牟可比多知( むかひたち ) 可奈流麻之都美( かなるましづみ ) 伊埿弖登阿我久流( いでてとあがくる ) 荒( あら ) し男( を ) のいをさ 手( た ) 挟( はさ ) み向( むか ) ひ立( た ) ちかなるましづみ出( い ) でてと我( あ ) が来( く ) る arasi-wo no iwo-sa tapasami mukapi-tati kanaruma sidumi idete to a ga kuru (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms
References
Khitan
Noun
矢 (transliteration needed ) (khi )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
Korean
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium . Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
Hanja
Wikisource
矢 (eumhun 화살 시 ( hwasal si ) )
hanja form? of 시 ( “ arrow ” )
Vietnamese
Han character
矢 : Hán Nôm readings: thỉ , tẻ , thẻ , yêu , tử , tủ , tú , siệu
Noun
矢
chữ Hán form of thỉ ( “ arrow ” )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
References
Nom Foundation
Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999