矣

Translingual

Han character

矣 (Kangxi radical 111, 矢+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈人大 (IOK), four-corner 2343₀, composition ⿱厶矢)

Derived characters

• 俟, 诶, 𠤘, 唉, 埃, 娭, 挨, 涘, 𡱢, 𢈟, 𢏦, 𢓪, 𢚝, 𫘤, 㶼, 㸻, 欸, 逘, 𦮸, 𫞀, 𬂼, 䀵, 竢, 𤶗, 𥏖, 𥒲, 𬭐, 𦩈, 𦩉, 𪠠, 𫆆, 誒, 𬦑, 𥏳, 𨧚, 𨴱, 騃, 𬵖

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 823, character 37
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23931
• Dae Jaweon: page 1235, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2580, character 4
• Unihan data for U+77E3

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 矣
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢlɯʔ) : phonetic 㠯 (OC *lɯʔ) + semantic 矢 (“arrow”). 矢 (OC *hliʔ) may also act as a phonetic component.

Etymology 1

Pulleyblank (1995) tentatively suggests a connection to adverb 已 (OC *lɯʔ, “already, perfective marker”), drawing a parallel with the 了₁ (perfective particle) and 了₂ (change of state modal particle) meanings of 了 (le), but doubts that they are etymologically related, suggesting the connection may be purely semantic and for aspectual functions.

Pronunciation

Definitions

矣

1. (literary) Particle expressing completion, similar to 了 (le) in Standard Mandarin.
2. (literary) Particle expressing exclamation, similar to 啦 (la) in Standard Mandarin.

Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

矣

1. (Hokkien, dialectal Hakka) Sentence-final particle expressing completion, similar to 了 (le) in Standard Mandarin.

   我食飽矣／我食饱矣 [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  Góa chia̍h-pá--ah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  I've eaten already. / I am now full.

Synonyms

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Definitions

矣

1. ^† Transcription of the word for rhinoceros in a language used in ancient Yunnan.

   • 犀謂之矣（讀如咸）。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     犀谓之矣（读如咸）。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 8

     Xī wèi zhī xián (dú rú xián).

     Rhinoceroses are known as 矣 (read as 咸).

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. kanbun (Literary Chinese) sentence particle

Readings

• On (unclassified): い (i)

Korean

Hanja

矣 (eumhun 어조사 의 (eojosa ui))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

矣: Hán Nôm readings: hỉ, hở, hỹ, hẻ, hĩ, hơi, hãy

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.