破膽

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Chinese

		to break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out	the gall; the nerve; courage the gall; the nerve; courage; guts; gall bladder
trad. (破膽)		破	膽
simp. (破胆)		破	胆

Pronunciation

Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pua⁴ dor³ / pua⁴ dorⁿ³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phòa-táⁿ

Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: pua⁴ dor³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰua⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɒ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: pua⁴ dorⁿ³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰua⁴²⁻⁵⁵ tɒ̃³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-táⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: phuà-tánn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoardvar
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tã⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰua¹¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰua²¹⁻⁴¹ tã⁴¹/

Adjective

破膽

(Southern Min, Puxian Min) smitten with fear; terror-stricken (usually used after a verb)

Synonyms

喪膽／丧胆 (sàngdǎn)
小膽／小胆 (Hokkien)
怯懦 (qiènuò)
慄膽／栗胆 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
懦弱 (nuòruò)
懾膽／慑胆 (Hokkien)
熊 (xióng) (colloquial)
細膽／细胆 (sai³ daam²) (Cantonese)
羞怯 (xiūqiè)
膽小／胆小 (dǎnxiǎo)
膽怯／胆怯 (dǎnqiè)
膽細／胆细 (Hokkien)
荏弱 (rěnruò)
軟弱／软弱 (ruǎnruò)
雀囝膽／雀囝胆 (Puxian Min)
鳥囝膽／鸟囝胆 (Puxian Min)
鳥膽／鸟胆 (Puxian Min)

References

莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 , editor (2021), “破胆”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 452.

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