立

See also: ᇁ

立	U+7ACB, 立 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7ACB

← 竊

CJK Unified Ideographs

竌 →

⽴	U+2F74, ⽴ KANGXI RADICAL STAND

← ⽳

Kangxi Radicals

⽵ →

立	U+F9F7, 立 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9F7

← 臨

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

笠 →

Translingual

Stroke order

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 870, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25721
Dae Jaweon: page 1299, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2706, character 1
Unihan data for U+7ACB

Unihan data for U+F9F7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		立
alternative forms		𡗓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 立
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涖	rɯːbs, rɯbs
莅	rɯbs, rɯbs
蒞	*rɯbs
位	*ɢʷrɯbs
拉	*ruːb
菈	*ruːb
颯	*sluːb
立	*rɯb
粒	*rɯb
笠	*ɡ·rɯb
砬	*rɯb
岦	*rɯb
苙	ɡ·rɯb, ɡrɯb
鴗	*rɯb
雴	*r̥ʰɯb
泣	*kʰrɯb

Pictogram (象形) – a person standing on the ground; compare 大.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(j)ap (“to stand”). Cognate with 位 (OC *ɢʷrɯbs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): lì (li⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ли (li, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lap⁶, laap⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lip⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): lit⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): li̍p

(Meixian, Guangdong): lib⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): lieh⁴
Northern Min (KCR): lì
Eastern Min (BUC): lĭk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): li̍p / lia̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): lib⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁸liq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lì
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lì
  - Wade–Giles: li⁴
  - Yale: lì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
  - Palladius: ли (li)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ni²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ли (li, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lap⁶, laap⁶
  - Yale: lahp, laahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lap⁹, laap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: leb⁶, lab⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐp̚²/, /laːp̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lip⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lip̚³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: lit⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lit̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: li̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: lib
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lib⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /lip̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: lib⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /lip̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /liəʔ²/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁴²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃iʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: li̍p
  - Tâi-lô: li̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lip
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Penang): /lip̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lip̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /lip̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: lia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liap
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liap̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liap̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liap̚⁴/

Note:

li̍p - literary;
lia̍p - vernacular (only in 立捷).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: lib⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: li̍p
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /lip̚⁴/

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁸liq
  - MiniDict: lih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵liq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liɪʔ¹²/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: li⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 立
Mandarin	Beijing	/li⁵¹/
	Harbin	/li⁵³/
	Tianjin	/li⁵³/
	Jinan	/li²¹/
	Qingdao	/li⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/li²⁴/
	Xi'an	/li²¹/
	Xining	/l̩⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/li¹³/
	Lanzhou	/li¹³/
	Ürümqi	/li²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ni²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ni³¹/
	Guiyang	/ni²¹/
	Kunming	/li³¹/
	Nanjing	/liʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/liəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/liəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/liʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/liəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/liɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/liəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/liəʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/li²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/li²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/li¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/li²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ni²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/liʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lip̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/lip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lap̚²/ /lɐp̚²/
	Nanning	/lɐp̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/lap̚²/ /lɐp̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/lip̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/liʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/li⁴²/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/lip̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/lip̚⁵/ /lip̚³/

Middle Chinese: lip

Rime
Character	立
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力入切
Baxter	lip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ljep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lip̚/
Li Rong	/liəp̚/
Wang Li	/lĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lap⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k.rəp/

(Zhengzhang): /*rɯb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	立
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lì
Middle Chinese	‹ lip ›
Old Chinese	/*k.rəp/
English	stand (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	立
Reading #	1/1
No.	7869
Phonetic component	立
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	立
Old Chinese	/*rɯb/

Definitions

立

to stand
尋勿到座位末就要立辣海了。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
寻勿到座位末就要立辣海了。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
⁶zhin-veq-tau ⁶zu-we-meq ⁶zhieu ⁵iau ⁸liq-laq-he-leq [Wugniu]
If you can't find a seat, then you will have to stand.
to erect
to set up; to establish
to institute; to lay down; to draw up; to compose (legal document)
to exist; to live
standing
to place on the throne; to take the throne
upright; vertical
immediately; at once
立刻 ― lìkè ― immediately

不買立省100%／不买立省100% ― bù mǎi lì shěng 100% ― buy nothing and save 100% immediately
- 沛公至軍，立誅殺曹無傷。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  沛公至军，立诛杀曹无伤。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
  Pèigōng zhì jūn, lì zhūshā Cáo Wúshāng.
  When Pei Gong returned to the camp, he immediately killed Cao Wushang.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 站 (“to stand”)

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		立
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		站立
Mandarin	Beijing	站
	Taiwan	站
	Tianjin	站
	Harbin	站, 杵
	Yantai (Muping)	立
	Jinan	站
	Wanrong	立
	Xi'an	站, 立
	Yinchuan	站
	Lanzhou	站
	Xining	站
	Ürümqi	站, 立
	Yanqi	站
	Wuhan	站
	Chengdu	站, 立
	Guilin	站
	Liuzhou	站
	Xuzhou	站
	Yangzhou	站
	Nanjing	站
	Hefei	站
	Yanping	立
	Malaysia	站
	Singapore	站
Cantonese	Guangzhou	徛
	Hong Kong	徛
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	徛
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	徛
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	徛
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	徛
	Macau	徛
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	徛
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	徛
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	徛
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	徛
	Foshan	徛
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	徛
	Foshan (Shunde)	徛
	Foshan (Sanshui)	徛
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	徛
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	徛
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	徛
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	徛
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	徛
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	徛
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	徛
	Taishan	徛
	Kaiping (Chikan)	徛
	Enping (Niujiang)	徛
	Heshan (Yayao)	徛
	Dongguan	徛
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	徛
	Qingyuan	徛
	Fogang	徛
	Yingde (Hanguang)	徛
	Yangshan	徛
	Lianshan (Butian)	徛
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	徛
	Shaoguan	徛
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	徛
	Renhua	徛
	Lechang	徛
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	徛
	Sihui	徛
	Guangning	徛
	Deqing	徛
	Huaiji	徛
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	徛
	Yunfu	徛
	Xinxing	徛
	Luoding	徛
	Yangjiang	徛
	Xinyi	徛
	Maoming (Xinpo)	徛
	Lianjiang	徛
	Wuchuan (Wuyang)	徛
	Nanning	徛
	Yulin	徛
	Beihai	徛
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	徛
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	徛
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	徛
	Danzhou	徛
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	徛
	Singapore (Guangfu)	徛
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	徛
	Móng Cái	徛
Gan	Nanchang	徛, 站
	Lichuan	徛
	Pingxiang	徛, 站
Hakka	Meixian	徛
	Xingning	徛
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	徛
	Huidong (Daling)	徛
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	徛
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	徛
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	徛
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	徛
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	徛
	Zijin	徛
	Wengyuan	徛
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	徛
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	徛
	Liannan	徛
	Conghua (Lütian)	徛
	Jiexi	徛
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	徛
	Changting	徛
	Wuping	徛
	Wuping (Yanqian)	徛
	Wuping (Pingyu)	徛
	Liancheng	徛
	Ninghua	徛
	Yudu	徛
	Ruijin	徛
	Shicheng	徛
	Shangyou (Shexi)	徛
	Tonggu (Sandu)	徛
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	徛
	Dayu	徛
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	徛
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	徛
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	徛
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	徛
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	徛
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	徛
	Hong Kong	徛
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	徛
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	徛
	Xinyi (Sihe)	徛
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	徛
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	徛
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	徛
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	徛
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	徛
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	徛
	Mengshan (Xihe)	徛
	Luchuan	徛
	Senai (Huiyang)	徛
Jin	Taiyuan	站
Jin	Xinzhou	站
Northern Min	Jian'ou	徛
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	徛
	Changle	徛
	Fuqing	徛
	Yongtai	徛
	Gutian	徛
	Fu'an	徛
	Ningde	徛
	Shouning	徛
	Zhouning	徛
	Fuding	徛
Southern Min	Xiamen	徛
	Quanzhou	徛
	Yongchun	徛
	Dehua	徛
	Zhangzhou	徛
	Taipei	徛
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	徛
	Kaohsiung	徛
	Yilan	徛
	Changhua (Lukang)	徛
	Taichung	徛
	Tainan	徛
	Hsinchu	徛
	Kinmen	徛
	Penghu (Magong)	徛
	Penang (Hokkien)	徛
	Singapore (Hokkien)	徛
	Manila (Hokkien)	徛
	Guilin (Biyange)	站
	Chaozhou	徛
	Shantou	徛
	Shantou (Chenghai)	徛
	Jieyang	徛
	Haifeng	徛
	Bangkok (Teochew)	徛
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	徛
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	徛
	Singapore (Teochew)	徛
	Pontianak (Teochew)	徛
	Leizhou	徛
	Wenchang	徛
	Haikou	徛
	Singapore (Hainanese)	徛
Puxian Min	Putian	徛
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	徛
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	徛
Wu	Shanghai	立
	Shanghai (Chongming)	徛
	Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan)	立
	Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan)	立
	Shanghai (Jiading)	立
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	立
	Suzhou	立
	Suzhou (Wujiang)	立
	Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang)	立
	Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)	立
	Wuxi	立
	Changshu	立
	Kunshan	立
	Taicang	立
	Jiaxing	立
	Jiashan	立
	Pinghu	立
	Haining (Yanguan)	立
	Haining (Xiashi)	立
	Tongxiang	立
	Haiyan	立
	Changzhou	徛
	Liyang	徛
	Jintan	徛
	Yixing	徛
	Danyang	站, 立
	Huzhou	立
	Changxing	徛
	Anji (Ancheng)	徛
	Deqing	立
	Hangzhou	立
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	徛
	Hangzhou (Lin'an)	徛
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	徛
	Hangzhou (Xiaoshan)	徛
	Tonglu	徛
	Tonglu (Wusheng)	徛
	Shaoxing	徛, 立
	Zhuji	徛
	Shengzhou	徛
	Xinchang	徛
	Ningbo	立
	Zhenhai	隑
	Fenghua	立
	Yuyao	隑
	Cixi	隑
	Xiangshan	徛
	Ninghai	徛
	Zhoushan	立
	Huangyan	徛
	Tiantai	徛
	Xianju	徛
	Linhai	徛
	Wenling	徛
	Wenzhou	徛
	Yueqing	徛
	Yongjia (Fenglin)	徛
	Rui'an	徛
	Wencheng	徛
	Lishui	徛
	Qingtian	徛
	Jinyun	徛
	Wuyi (Liucheng)	徛
	Yunhe	徛
Jingning	徛
Longquan	徛
Quzhou	徛
Suichang	徛
Jiangshan	徛
Changshan	徛
Kaihua	徛
Longyou	徛
Jinhua	徛
Jinhua (Tangxi)	徛
Yiwu	徛
Yongkang	徛
Pujiang	徛
Dongyang	徛
Pan'an	徛
Wuyi	徛
Lanxi	徛
Shangrao	徛
Shangrao (Guangfeng)	徛
Yushan	徛
Pucheng	徛
Xiang	Changsha	站, 徛
	Loudi	徛
	Shuangfeng	徛
Note	徛 - often written as 企 in Cantonese.