競

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See also: 竞, and 竸
競 U+7AF6, 競
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AF6
← 竵
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 竷 →

Translingual

Han character

競 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+15, 20 strokes, cangjie input 卜山卜廿山 (YUYTU), four-corner 00216, composition ⿰竞竞)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 873, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25831
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1304, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2717, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+7AF6

Chinese

trad. 競
simp. 竞
alternative forms 𧫙
𥪰
竸
傹 ancient

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 競
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (誩) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
誩 *ɡaŋʔ, *ɡraŋs, *l̥ʰuːms
競 *ɡraŋs

According to Shuowen, an Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 誩 (“argument”) + 儿 (“man”) + 儿 (“man”) – two individuals debating vigorously. Also possibly a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraŋs) : phonetic 誩 (OC *ɡaŋʔ, *ɡraŋs, *l̥ʰuːms) + semantic 儿 (“man”) + semantic 儿 (“man”). Compare 友.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 競
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠敬切
Baxter gjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡˠiæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡᵚiaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiaŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/giajŋH/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiɐŋH/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭɐŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/gi̯ɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ging6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 競
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjængH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-kraŋʔ-s/ (~ C-kraŋʔ-s)
English strive; compete

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 競
Reading # 1/1
No. 6893
Phonetic
component 		誩
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		競
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡraŋs/

Definitions

競

  1. to contend; to vie; to compete
  2. (literary) competitively; eagerly; trying to outdo one another
  3. † strong; powerful

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

競

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. competition
  2. to compete

Readings

Korean

Hanja

競 (eumhun 다툴 경 (datul gyeong))

  1. hanja form? of 경 (“competition”)

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

競: Hán Nôm readings: cạnh, ganh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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