笑む

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
笑
え
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
咲む

Etymology

wemu → emu.

Pronunciation

Verb

笑(え)む • (emu) ←ゑむ (wemu)?intransitive godan (stem 笑(え)み (emi), past 笑(え)んだ (enda))

  1. to smile
  2. to bloom

Conjugation

Conjugation of "笑む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 笑ま えま ema
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 笑み えみ emi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 笑む えむ emu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 笑む えむ emu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 笑め えめ eme
Meireikei ("imperative") 笑め えめ eme
Key constructions
Passive 笑まれる えまれる emareru
Causative 笑ませる
笑ます 		えませる
えます 		emaseru
emasu
Potential 笑める えめる emeru
Volitional 笑もう えもう emō
Negative 笑まない えまない emanai
Negative continuative 笑まず えまず emazu
Formal 笑みます えみます emimasu
Perfective 笑んだ えんだ enda
Conjunctive 笑んで えんで ende
Hypothetical conditional 笑めば えめば emeba
Classical conjugation of "笑む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 笑ま ゑま wema
Continuative (連用形) 笑み ゑみ wemi
Terminal (終止形) 笑む ゑむ wemu
Attributive (連体形) 笑む ゑむ wemu
Realis (已然形) 笑め ゑめ weme
Imperative (命令形) 笑め ゑめ weme
Key constructions
Negative 笑まず ゑまず wemazu
Contrasting conjunction 笑めど ゑめど wemedo
Causal conjunction 笑めば ゑめば wemeba
Conditional conjunction 笑まば ゑまば wemaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 笑みき ゑみき wemiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 笑みけり ゑみけり wemikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 笑みつ ゑみつ wemitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 笑みぬ ゑみぬ weminu
Perfect-continuative tense 笑めり
笑みたり		 ゑめり
ゑみたり		 wemeri
wemitari
Volitional 笑まむ ゑまむ wemamu

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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