箴

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箴 U+7BB4, 箴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BB4
← 箳
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 箵 →

Translingual

Han character

箴 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹戈竹口 (HIHR), four-corner 88253, composition ⿱𥫗咸)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 890, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26214
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2990, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+7BB4

Chinese

trad. 箴
simp. # 箴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (咸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
感 *kɯːmʔ
鱤 *kɯːmʔ
顑 *kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms
轗 *kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms
撼 *ɡɯːmʔ
憾 *ɡɯːms
喊 *qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
緘 *krɯːm
瑊 *krɯːm, *kjum
黬 *krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm
減 *krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
羬 *ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram
麙 *ŋɡrɯːm
咸 *ɡrɯːm
鹹 *ɡrɯːm
醎 *ɡrɯːm
諴 *ɡrɯːm
椷 *ɡrɯːm
輱 *ɡrɯːm
鍼 *ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm
箴 *kjɯm
葴 *kjɯm
鱵 *kjum

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjɯm) : semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 咸 (OC *ɡrɯːm) – a bamboo needle, probe.

Etymology

Same word as 針 (OC *kjum). See there for more.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 箴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職深切
Baxter tsyim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕim/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cim/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiəm/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zam1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 箴
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhēn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyim ›
Old
Chinese 		/*t.əm/
English needle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 箴
Reading # 1/1
No. 13527
Phonetic
component 		咸
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		斟
Old
Chinese 		/*kjɯm/

Definitions

箴

  1. to admonish; to warn
  2. Alternative form of 針／针 (zhēn, “needle; probe”)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

箴

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

箴 • (jam) (hangeul 잠, revised jam, McCune–Reischauer cham, Yale cam)

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Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

箴: Hán Nôm readings: châm, giăm, dăm, giằm

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Readings

  • Nôm: châm, dăm, dằm, giăm, giằm

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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