精通

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Chinese

		energy; perfect; excellent energy; perfect; excellent; refined; very; proficient	go through; know well; to connect go through; know well; to connect; to communicate; open
trad. (精通)		精	通
simp. ^#(精通)		精	通

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīngtōng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥㄊㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zing¹ tung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chîn-thûng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng-thong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīngtōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥㄊㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jingtong
  - Wade–Giles: ching¹-tʻung¹
  - Yale: jīng-tūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingtong
  - Palladius: цзинтун (czintun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zing¹ tung¹
  - Yale: jīng tūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzing¹ tung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jing¹ tung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chîn-thûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: jin^ˊ tung^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: jin¹ tung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰuŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng-thong
  - Tâi-lô: tsing-thong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zengtofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³ tʰɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

Verb

精通

to have a proficiency in; to be proficient in; to master

Synonyms

善於／善于 (shànyú)
善用 (shànyòng) (to be good at using something or somebody)
善能 (shànnéng) (literary)
工於／工于 (gōngyú) (literary)
撚手 (nan² sau²) (Cantonese)
擅長／擅长 (shàncháng)
湛深 (zhànshēn) (literary)
熟行 (Hokkien)
精於／精于 (jīngyú)
見長／见长
長於／长于 (chángyú) (formal)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
精	通
せい Grade: 5	つう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

精(せい)通(つう) • (seitsū)

mastery, proficiency, expertise
semenarche, first ejaculation during puberty

Verb

精(せい)通(つう)する • (seitsū suru) transitive suru (stem 精(せい)通(つう)し (seitsū shi), past 精(せい)通(つう)した (seitsū shita))

to be well versed (in), to have expertise, to be well acquainted (with)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "精通する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	精通し	せいつうし	seitsū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	精通し	せいつうし	seitsū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	精通する	せいつうする	seitsū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	精通する	せいつうする	seitsū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	精通すれ	せいつうすれ	seitsū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	精通せよ¹ 精通しろ²	せいつうせよ¹ せいつうしろ²	seitsū seyo¹ seitsū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	精通される	せいつうされる	seitsū sareru
Causative	精通させる精通さす	せいつうさせるせいつうさす	seitsū saseru seitsū sasu
Potential	精通できる	せいつうできる	seitsū dekiru
Volitional	精通しよう	せいつうしよう	seitsū shiyō
Negative	精通しない	せいつうしない	seitsū shinai
Negative continuative	精通せず	せいつうせず	seitsū sezu
Formal	精通します	せいつうします	seitsū shimasu
Perfective	精通した	せいつうした	seitsū shita
Conjunctive	精通して	せいつうして	seitsū shite
Hypothetical conditional	精通すれば	せいつうすれば	seitsū sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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