糞

Translingual

Han character

糞 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 9080₁, composition ⿱米異)

Derived characters

• 瀵 𥽤 𥽡 䆏

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
• Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3158, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7CDE

Chinese

Glyph origin

Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu).

Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.

The current glyph is from the small seal script.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”).

Pronunciation

Definitions

糞

1. excrement; faeces; dung
2. manure
3. (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to
4. (literary, or in compounds) to clear away

Synonyms

• (excrement):

• (to apply manure to):

See also

• 米田共 (mǐtiángòng)

Compounds

Descendants

• → Vietnamese: phân

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03073
• “糞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ふん (fun)
• Kan-on: ふん (fun)
• Kun: くそ (kuso, 糞); ばば (baba, 糞)

Etymology 1

From Old Japanese, in turn from Proto-Japonic *kuso.

Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) くそ​ (Odaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

糞(くそ) • (kuso) 

1. (colloquial) feces, excrement
2. (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash

Derived terms

Idioms

• 糞(くそ)の役(やく)にも立(た)たぬ (kuso no yaku ni mo tatanu, “not even good for shit”); see also 役(やく)に立(た)つ (yaku ni tatsu, “to be useful, to play a role”)

Interjection

糞(くそ) • (kuso) 

1. (often vulgar) shit, crap

Usage notes

• This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

Prefix

糞(くそ) • (kuso-) 

1. (derogatory) pejorative prefix

   糞(くそ)爺(じじ)い

   kusojijī

   damn geezer

Suffix

糞(くそ) • (-kuso) 

1. crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.

   下手(へた)糞(くそ)

   hetakuso

   crappy (bad at something), to be shit at doing something

   襤褸(ぼろ)糞(くそ)

   borokuso

   broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

Etymology 2

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 糞 (MC pjunH).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ふ​ん (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun) 

1. droppings, dung

   ふれあい動(どう)物(ぶつ)園(えん)のモルモットが受(う)けるストレスを糞(ふん)中(ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって推(すい)定(てい)する試(こころ)み

   fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi

   Non-invasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display

Usage notes

• This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
• This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.

Etymology 3

Appears to derive from baby talk. Compare English poopoo and Mandarin 㞎㞎 (bǎba).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ばば (Heiban – )
• (Tokyo) ばば​ (Odaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

糞(ばば) • (baba) 

1. (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
2. (childish) something unclean

Derived terms

• ばばっちい (babatchii, “dirty”, childish, literally “poopy”)
• ばっちい (batchii, “dirty”, childish, literally “poopy”)
• 猫(ねこ)糞(ばば) (nekobaba, literally “cat-poopoo”)

References

Korean

Hanja

糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun))

1. Hanja form^? of 분 (“dung”).

Vietnamese

Han character

糞: Hán Nôm readings: phẩn, phân

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