純
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See also: 纯
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Translingual
Han character
純 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女火心山 (VFPU), four-corner 25917, composition ⿰糹屯)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 917, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27277
- Dae Jaweon: page 1346, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3371, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7D14
Chinese
| trad. | 純 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 纯 | |
| alternative forms | 𠄤 㝄 肫 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 純 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 躉 | *tuːnʔ |
| 窀 | *rduːn, *duːn, *tun |
| 沌 | *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 盹 | *tuːnʔ, *tjuns |
| 頓 | *tuːns |
| 扽 | *tuːns |
| 黗 | *tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 吨 | *tʰuːnʔ |
| 屯 | *duːn, *tun |
| 飩 | *duːn |
| 豘 | *duːn |
| 軘 | *duːn |
| 坉 | *duːn |
| 邨 | *duːn, *stʰuːn |
| 忳 | *duːn |
| 芚 | *duːn |
| 庉 | *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 囤 | *duːnʔ |
| 迍 | *tun |
| 杶 | *tʰun |
| 瑃 | *tʰun |
| 椿 | *tʰun |
| 偆 | *tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ |
| 肫 | *tjun |
| 訰 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 純 | *tjunʔ, *djun |
| 春 | *tʰjun |
| 蠢 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 踳 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 惷 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 蒓 | *djun |
| 賰 | *hljunʔ |
| 鬊 | *hljuns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjunʔ, *djun) : semantic 糸 (“thread”) + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun). It conveys the meaning of "without any impurities," and also "exclusively."[1]
References
- ^ Digital Shinjigen 2017
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): seon4
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): sě̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): sùng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): song2 / suong2
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chún
- Wade–Giles: chʻun2
- Yale: chwún
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwen
- Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: seon4
- Yale: sèuhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: soen4
- Guangdong Romanization: sên4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɵn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sùn
- Hakka Romanization System: sunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sun2
- Sinological IPA: /sun¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sě̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sœyŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sùng
- Sinological IPA (key): /suŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: song2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬɔŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: suong2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬuoŋ¹³/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: dzywin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*u/
- (Zhengzhang): /*djun/
Definitions
純
- pure; unmixed
- genuine; honest; simple
- entirely; completely; all
- skillful; proficient
- (literary) silk
Synonyms
- (entirely):
- (skillful):
Compounds
- 單純 / 单纯 (dānchún)
- 單純林 / 单纯林
- 單純詞 / 单纯词 (dānchúncí)
- 清純 / 清纯 (qīngchún)
- 渾純 / 浑纯
- 爐火純青 / 炉火纯青 (lúhuǒchúnqīng)
- 真純 / 真纯
- 精純 / 精纯
- 純一 / 纯一 (chúnyī)
- 純仁 / 纯仁
- 純利 / 纯利
- 純化 / 纯化 (chúnhuà)
- 純厚 / 纯厚 (chúnhòu)
- 純吏 / 纯吏
- 純品 / 纯品
- 純嘏 / 纯嘏
- 純如 / 纯如
- 純孝 / 纯孝
- 純小數 / 纯小数
- 純度 / 纯度 (chúndù)
- 純情 / 纯情 (chúnqíng)
- 純愛 / 纯爱 (chún'ài)
- 純所得 / 纯所得
- 純損 / 纯损
- 純文學 / 纯文学 (chúnwénxué)
- 純棉 / 纯棉 (chúnmián)
- 純樸 / 纯朴 (chúnpǔ)
- 純正 / 纯正 (chúnzhèng)
- 純水 / 纯水 (chúnshuǐ)
- 純水機 / 纯水机
- 純淨 / 纯净 (chúnjìng)
- 純淨新聞 / 纯净新闻
- 純潔 / 纯洁 (chúnjié)
- 純然 / 纯然
- 純熟 / 纯熟 (chúnshú)
- 純物質 / 纯物质
- 純白 / 纯白 (chúnbái)
- 純益 / 纯益
- 純真 / 纯真 (chúnzhēn)
- 純種 / 纯种 (chúnzhǒng)
- 純篤 / 纯笃 (chúndǔ)
- 純粹 / 纯粹 (chúncuì)
- 純粹主義 / 纯粹主义 (chúncuì zhǔyì)
- 純粹理性 / 纯粹理性
- 純粹科學 / 纯粹科学 (chúncuì kēxué)
- 純純 / 纯纯
- 純臣 / 纯臣
- 純良 / 纯良 (chúnliáng)
- 純色 / 纯色 (chúnsè)
- 純質 / 纯质
- 純金 / 纯金 (chúnjīn)
- 純銀 / 纯银 (chúnyín)
- 純陰 / 纯阴
- 純陽 / 纯阳
- 純陽祖師 / 纯阳祖师
- 純音 / 纯音
- 純香 / 纯香
- 純鹼 / 纯碱 (chúnjiǎn)
- 純麗 / 纯丽
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔn
- Wade–Giles: chun3
- Yale: jwǔn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: joen
- Palladius: чжунь (čžunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zeon2
- Yale: jéun
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen2
- Guangdong Romanization: zên2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵn³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: tsywinX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*tjunʔ/
Definitions
純
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tún
- Wade–Giles: tʻun2
- Yale: twún
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twen
- Palladius: тунь (tunʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tyun4
- Yale: tyùhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: tyn4
- Guangdong Romanization: tün4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰyːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
純
Japanese
Kanji
純
Readings
- Go-on: じゅん (jun, Jōyō)、しゅん (shun)、どん (don)
- Kan-on: しゅん (shun)、とん (ton)
- Kun: きいと (kiito, 純)、もっぱら (moppara, 純)
- Nanori: あつ (atsu)、あつし (atsushi)、あや (aya)、いたる (itaru)、いと (ito)、きよし (kiyoshi)、すなお (sunao)、すみ (sumi)、つな (tsuna)、とう (tō)、まこと (makoto)、よし (yoshi)
Compounds
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 純 |
| じゅん Grade: 6 |
| goon |
Adjective
純 • (jun) -na (adnominal 純な (jun na), adverbial 純に (jun ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 純
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 純だろ | じゅんだろ | jun daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 純で | じゅんで | jun de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 純だ | じゅんだ | jun da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 純な | じゅんな | jun na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 純なら | じゅんなら | jun nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 純であれ | じゅんであれ | jun de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 純ではない 純じゃない |
じゅんではない じゅんじゃない |
jun de wa nai jun ja nai |
| Informal past | 純だった | じゅんだった | jun datta |
| Informal negative past | 純ではなかった 純じゃなかった |
じゅんではなかった じゅんじゃなかった |
jun de wa nakatta jun ja nakatta |
| Formal | 純です | じゅんです | jun desu |
| Formal negative | 純ではありません 純じゃありません |
じゅんではありません じゅんじゃありません |
jun de wa arimasen jun ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 純でした | じゅんでした | jun deshita |
| Formal negative past | 純ではありませんでした 純じゃありませんでした |
じゅんではありませんでした じゅんじゃありませんでした |
jun de wa arimasen deshita jun ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 純で | じゅんで | jun de |
| Conditional | 純なら（ば） | じゅんなら（ば） | jun nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 純だったら | じゅんだったら | jun dattara |
| Volitional | 純だろう | じゅんだろう | jun darō |
| Adverbial | 純に | じゅんに | jun ni |
| Degree | 純さ | じゅんさ | junsa |
Prefix
Proper noun
- a male given name
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 純 |
| あつし Grade: 6 |
| nanori |
Proper noun
- a male given name
Korean
Hanja
純 (eumhun 순수할 순 (sunsuhal sun))
Vietnamese
Chữ Hán
純: Hán Nôm readings: thuần, chuẩn, đồn, truy, luồn
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