終

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See also: 终
終 U+7D42, 終
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D42
← 絁
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 絃 →

Translingual

Han character

終 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火竹水卜 (VFHEY), four-corner 27933, composition ⿰糹冬)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 921, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27372
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1353, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3384, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7D42

Chinese

trad. 終
simp. 终
alternative forms
 
𣧩 ancient form
𠔾 ancient form
𠂂 ancient form
𡦿 ancient form
𢍐 ancient form
𣧩 ancient form
𠔾 ancient form
𠂂 ancient form
𡦿 ancient form
𢍐 ancient form
𤽘 ancient form
𤽬 ancient form
𦤒 ancient form
𢒣 ancient form
𣊂 ancient form
𣈩 ancient form
𣊜 ancient form
𪚪 ancient form
𦄖 historical variant

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 終
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (冬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
疼 *dɯːŋ, *duːŋ
冬 *tuːŋ
苳 *tuːŋ
笗 *tuːŋ
炵 *tʰuːŋ, *duːŋ
佟 *duːŋ
鼕 *duːŋ
鉖 *duːŋ
終 *tjuŋ
螽 *tjuŋ
鼨 *tjuŋ
柊 *tjuŋ
鴤 *tjuŋ
泈 *tjuŋ
蔠 *tjuŋ

Originally a Pictogram (象形) , 夂 (definition 2) – the knot at the end of a cord. Later reformulated as Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjuŋ) : semantic 糹／纟 + phonetic 冬 (OC *tuːŋ).

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Chepang दोङःसा (doŋʔ‑, “to end; to cease”), Lai (doŋ / doʔŋ, “to end”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Wang (1982) derives 冬 (OC *tuːŋ, “winter”) from this word.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 終
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職戎切
Baxter tsyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cuwŋ/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiuŋ/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zung1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 終
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhōng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyuwng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tuŋ/
English end

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 終
Reading # 1/1
No. 2428
Phonetic
component 		冬
Rime
group 		終
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		終
Old
Chinese 		/*tjuŋ/

Definitions

終

  1. (literary, or in compounds) end; ending; termination
  2. (literary, or in compounds) to come to an end
    無果而終／无果而终  ―  wú guǒ ér zhōng  ―  to end without results
  3. (literary, or in compounds, euphemistic) to die; to reach the end of life
  4. (literary, or in compounds) entire; all
  5. (literary, or in compounds) eventually; finally

Synonyms

  • (to come to an end):
  • (to die):
  • (eventually):

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of “end”): 始 (shǐ)
  • (antonym(s) of “to die”):

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 終
Kyūjitai
終󠄁
終+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
終󠄃
終+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

終

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. end, finish

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
終
つい
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
竟
遂

Pronunciation

Noun

終(つい) • (tsui) ←つひ (tufi)?

  1. end, conclusion
    終(つい)のすみか
    tsui no sumika
    final abode
  2. end-of-life, death

References

  1. ^ “終”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 終 (MC tsyuwng). Recorded as Middle Korean 죠ᇰ (cyong) (Yale: cyong) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

終 (eumhun 마칠 종 (machil jong))

  1. Hanja form? of 종 (“end; finish”).

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

終: Hán Nôm readings: chung, chon, giong, trọn, xông

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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