綺麗

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See also: 绮丽

Chinese

beautiful; open-work silk beautiful; Korea
trad. (綺麗) 綺 麗
simp. (绮丽) 绮 丽

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 綺 麗
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 支 (13) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III IV
Fanqie 墟彼切 郎計切
Baxter khjeX lejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰˠiᴇX/ /leiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰᵚiɛX/ /leiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰiɛX/ /lɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰjiə̆X/ /lɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/kʰjeX/ /leiH/
Wang
Li 		/kʰǐeX/ /lieiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰie̯X/ /lieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qǐ lì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hei2 lai6

Adjective

綺麗

  1. gorgeous; beautiful; enchanting

Synonyms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
綺 麗
き
Jinmeiyō 		れい
Grade: S
on’yomi kan’on
Alternative spellings
奇麗
キレイ (informal)

Etymology

Ultimately from written Chinese 綺麗, 奇麗／绮丽, 奇丽. First attested in Japanese in the 1200s.

Pronunciation

Adjective

綺(き)麗(れい) • (kirei) -na (adnominal 綺(き)麗(れい)な (kirei na), adverbial 綺(き)麗(れい)に (kirei ni))

  1. pretty, gorgeous, beautiful
    Synonyms: 美しい (utsukushii), 麗しい (uruwashii), (dialect) きれか (kireka)
    綺麗(きれい)な空(そら)
    kirei na sora
    a beautiful sky
    綺麗(きれい)な音(おと)
    kirei na oto
    a beautiful sound
  2. clear, clean, pure
    Synonyms: 清浄 (seijō, “pure”), 清らか (kiyoraka, “clean, clear (as of water)”), すっきり (sukkiri, adverb)
  3. clean, not dirty
    Synonyms: 清潔 (seiketsu), すっきり (sukkiri, adverb)
  4. tidy, neat, everything put away
    Synonym: さっぱり (sappari, adverb)
    部屋(へや)をきれいにする
    heya o kirei ni suru
    to tidy up one's room
    このラベルはきれいにはがせます。
    Kono raberu wa kirei ni hagasemasu.
    This label can be peeled off cleanly.
  5. fair, impartial, of clear conscience

Usage notes

This term is often spelled in hiragana.

Inflection

Inflection of 綺麗
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 綺麗だろ きれいだろ kirei daro
Continuative (連用形) 綺麗で きれいで kirei de
Terminal (終止形) 綺麗だ きれいだ kirei da
Attributive (連体形) 綺麗な きれいな kirei na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 綺麗なら きれいなら kirei nara
Imperative (命令形) 綺麗であれ きれいであれ kirei de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 綺麗ではない
綺麗じゃない 		きれいではない
きれいじゃない 		kirei de wa nai
kirei ja nai
Informal past 綺麗だった きれいだった kirei datta
Informal negative past 綺麗ではなかった
綺麗じゃなかった 		きれいではなかった
きれいじゃなかった 		kirei de wa nakatta
kirei ja nakatta
Formal 綺麗です きれいです kirei desu
Formal negative 綺麗ではありません
綺麗じゃありません 		きれいではありません
きれいじゃありません 		kirei de wa arimasen
kirei ja arimasen
Formal past 綺麗でした きれいでした kirei deshita
Formal negative past 綺麗ではありませんでした
綺麗じゃありませんでした 		きれいではありませんでした
きれいじゃありませんでした 		kirei de wa arimasen deshita
kirei ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 綺麗で きれいで kirei de
Conditional 綺麗なら（ば） きれいなら（ば） kirei nara (ba)
Provisional 綺麗だったら きれいだったら kirei dattara
Volitional 綺麗だろう きれいだろう kirei darō
Adverbial 綺麗に きれいに kirei ni
Degree 綺麗さ きれいさ kireisa

See also

References

  1. ^ “綺麗・奇麗”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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