罪

Translingual

Han character

罪 (Kangxi radical 122, 网+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田中中一卜 (WLLMY), four-corner 6011₁, composition ⿱罒非)

Derived characters

• 嶵 檌 䊫 㠑 𭋈 𢶀 𣿓 𣋖 𬠯 𨗻

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 948, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28293
• Dae Jaweon: page 1389, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2920, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7F6A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 罒 (“net”) + 非 (“mistake”).

Etymology

Unclear. Possibly of Sino-Tibetan origin and cognate with Mizo sual (“(adj.) bad, evil, vile, corrupt; (v. tr.) (to attempt) to criminally assault, to rape (a woman)”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Definitions

罪

1. crime; vice

   • 萬方有罪，罪在朕躬。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     万方有罪，罪在朕躬。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wànfāng yǒuzuì, zuì zài zhèngōng.

     If you in the myriad regions commit offenses, these offenses must rest on my person.

2. (theology) sin
3. hardship; suffering
4. fault

Compounds

References

• “罪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ざい (zai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: さい (sai)
• Kun: つみ (tsumi, 罪, Jōyō)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) つ​み (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

罪(つみ) • (tsumi) 

1. guilt
2. sin
3. offence

Adjective

罪(つみ) • (tsumi) -na (adnominal 罪(つみ)な (tsumi na), adverbial 罪(つみ)に (tsumi ni))

1. sinful

Inflection

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Suffix

罪(ざい) • (-zai) 

1. (law) Used after the name of an action, to form the name of a criminal charge

   殺(さつ)人(じん)罪(ざい) (satsujin-zai, “murder (as a crime)”)

   堕(だ)胎(たい)罪(ざい) (datai-zai, “unlawful abortion”)

References

Korean

Hanja

罪 (eumhun 허물 죄 (heomul joe))

1. Hanja form^? of 죄 (“sin; crime; fault”).

Vietnamese

Han character

罪: Hán Nôm readings: tội, tụi

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