脆
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Translingual
Han character
脆 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月弓一山 (BNMU), four-corner 77212, composition ⿰⺼危)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 982, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29468
- Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2069, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8106
Chinese
| trad. | 脆 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 脆 | |
| alternative forms | 脃／脆 膬 脺 毳 | |
Glyph origin
Originally 脃. Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰods) : semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + abbreviated phonetic 絕 (OC *zod).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ceoi3
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): chuói
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhùi / chhèr / chhè
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshoe; 5tshe; 5tshue
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cuèi
- Wade–Giles: tsʻui4
- Yale: tswèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuey
- Palladius: цуй (cuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ceoi3
- Yale: cheui
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey3
- Guangdong Romanization: cêu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɵy̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhe / chhoi
- Hakka Romanization System: ce / coi
- Hagfa Pinyim: ce4 / coi4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰe⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chuói
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰui²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhèr
- Tâi-lô: tshèr
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰə⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhè
- Tâi-lô: tshè
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhex
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰe¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰe²¹/
- IPA (Philippines): /t͡sʰe⁴¹/
Note:
- chhùi - literary;
- chhèr/chhè - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 脆 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰuei⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /t͡sʰuei⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡sʰuei⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡sʰuei²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰue⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰuei³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡sʰuei⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡sʰuɨ²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡sʰuei⁵³/ 易折損 /t͡sʰuei¹³/ 清～ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡sʰuei¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡sʰuei²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡sʰei³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡sʰuei¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡sʰuei²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡sʰuei²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡sʰuəi⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡sʰe⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuei⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡sʰuei³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡sʰuei⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰe³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /t͡sʰe̞⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /t͡sʰz̩ʷei⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /t͡sʰai³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰye³²⁴/ /t͡ɕʰy³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡sʰe⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰei⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /t͡sʰəi⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰui²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰoi⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | ||
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰøy³³/ |
| Nanning | /t͡sʰui³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /t͡sʰøy³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰui²¹/ /t͡sʰe²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰuɔi²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰo³³/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰui⁵³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /sui³⁵/ /se³⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: tshjwejH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*o-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰods/
Definitions
脆
- brittle; fragile
- (of food) crisp; crispy
- (of voices) clear; crisp
- 清脆 ― qīngcuì ― clear and crisp
- (of speech or action) neat; quick; concise
Synonyms
- (crisp):
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 脆 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 脆 |
| Singapore | 脆 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 脆, 酥 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 脆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 脆, 酥 |
| Wanrong | 脆, 酥 | |
| Xi'an | 脆, 酥 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 脆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 酥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆 |
| Hong Kong | 脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆 | |
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 脆 | |
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 脆 | |
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 脆 | |
| Dongguan | 爽 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 脆 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 脆, 酥 |
| Pingxiang | 酥 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 脆 |
| Hong Kong | 酥 | |
| Senai (Huiyang) | 鬆, 酥 | |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 酥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 酥, 脆 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 酥 |
| Quanzhou | 酥 | |
| Zhangzhou | 酥 | |
| Taipei | 酥 GT | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 酥 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 脆, 酥 | |
| Chaozhou | 酥 | |
| Shantou | 酥, 脆 | |
| Jieyang | 酥 | |
| Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 酥 | |
| Haikou | 酥 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 脆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 脆 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 脆 | |
| Suzhou | 脆 | |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
- (clear):
Antonyms
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
脆
- brittle
- fragile
- easy to beat
- sentimental
- susceptible
Readings
- Go-on: さい (sai)←さい (sai, historical)
- Kan-on: せい (sei)←せい (sei, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: ぜい (zei)←ぜい (zei, historical)
- Kun: もろい (moroi, 脆い); よわい (yowai, 脆い)
Compounds
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 脆 (MC tshjwejH).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): ~
- Phonetic hangul:
Hanja
脆 (eumhun 연(軟)할 취 (yeonhal chwi))
Compounds
References
Vietnamese
Han character
脆: Hán Nôm readings: thúy/thuý
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