腰鼓

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Chinese

waist; lower back; pocket
waist; lower back; pocket; middle
 
convex; drum; to rouse
convex; drum; to rouse; to beat
 
trad. (腰鼓) 腰 鼓
simp. #(腰鼓) 腰 鼓

Pronunciation

Noun

腰鼓

  1. waist-drum
  2. waist-drum dance

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (腰鼓):
  • → Japanese: 腰鼓(ようこ) (yōko)
  • → Korean: 요고(腰鼓) (yogo)

Japanese

腰鼓 (yōko, koshitsuzumi, kuretsuzumi): a performer in the Jidai Matsuri, carrying a double-headed drum of the yōko / koshitsuzumi / kuretsuzumi type.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
腰 鼓
よう
Grade: S 		こ
Grade: S
kan'on

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 腰鼓 (MC 'jiew kuX, literally “waist + drum”). First cited in Japanese to a text from 780.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

腰(よう)鼓(こ) • (yōko) ←えうこ (euko)?

  1. a type of double-headed drum used in 伎楽 (gigaku, a type of traditional Japanese dance drama), with a narrow waist and circular leather covers on both ends, hung horizontally from the neck to the waist with a long string, and played by striking both sides with both hands
    Synonyms: 呉鼓 (kuretsuzumi, uncommon), 腰鼓 (koshitsuzumi, uncommon)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
腰 鼓
こし
Grade: S 		つづみ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Compound of 腰 (koshi, “hip, waist”) +‎ 鼓 (tsuzumi, “drum”).[1]

First cited to a text from roughly 1180.[1]

This reading may be archaic; dictionaries that usually include pitch accent information for modern entries do not list any pitch for this term.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

腰(こし)鼓(つづみ) • (koshitsuzumi) 

  1. (uncommon, possibly archaic) a type of double-headed drum used in 伎楽 (gigaku, a type of traditional Japanese dance drama), with a narrow waist and circular leather covers on both ends, hung horizontally from the neck to the waist with a long string, and played by striking both sides with both hands

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
腰 鼓
くれ
Grade: S 		つづみ
Grade: S
irregular kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 腰鼓 – see the following entry.
【呉鼓くれつづみ】
Synonym of 腰鼓 (yōko): a type of double-headed drum used in 伎楽 (gigaku, a type of traditional Japanese dance drama), with a narrow waist and circular leather covers on both ends, hung horizontally from the neck to the waist with a long string, and played by striking both sides with both hands
(This term, 腰鼓, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “腰鼓”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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