膝
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Translingual
Han character
膝 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月木人水 (BDOE), four-corner 74232, composition ⿰⺼桼)
Coordinate terms
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 993, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29837
- Dae Jaweon: page 1445, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2106, character 11
- Unihan data for U+819D
Chinese
| trad. | 膝 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 膝 | |
| 2nd round simp. | ⿰月夕 | |
| alternative forms | 厀 䣛 𦡩 𦜔 | |
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *siɡ) : semantic ⺼ (“meat, body”) + phonetic 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ) – the knee.
Originally 厀, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *siɡ) : phonetic 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ) + semantic 卩 (“kneeling person”).
Etymology
From an *s-prefixed form of Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsik (“joint”); see there for more (STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sat1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qieh4
- Eastern Min (BUC): chék
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cih6
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7shiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: si
- Wade–Giles: hsi1
- Yale: syī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (variant in Beijing dialect)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ci
- Wade–Giles: chʻi1
- Yale: chī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sat1
- Yale: sāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: sat7
- Guangdong Romanization: sed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhit
- Hakka Romanization System: qidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qid5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qieh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chék
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cih6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cih6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiʔ²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note:
- Quanzhou and Taiwan:
- sit - literary;
- chhek/chhiak - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: sit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tsik/
- (Zhengzhang): /*siɡ/
Definitions
膝
Compounds
- 交臂屈膝
- 低頭屈膝 / 低头屈膝
- 低顏下膝 / 低颜下膝
- 促膝
- 促膝談心 / 促膝谈心
- 促膝長談 / 促膝长谈
- 兜膝
- 兩手過膝 / 两手过膝
- 加膝墜淵 / 加膝坠渊
- 卑躬屈膝 (bēigōng-qūxī)
- 垂手過膝 / 垂手过膝
- 奴顏婢膝 / 奴颜婢膝 (núyánbìxī)
- 婢膝奴顏 / 婢膝奴颜
- 容膝
- 對膝 / 对膝
- 屈膝 (qūxī)
- 承歡膝下 / 承欢膝下 (chénghuān xīxià)
- 拊膝
- 拍膝嗟歎 / 拍膝嗟叹
- 接膝
- 敝膝
- 盤膝 / 盘膝
- 盤膝而坐 / 盘膝而坐
- 磕膝蓋 / 磕膝盖
- 竹夾膝 / 竹夹膝
- 胳膝
- 膝下 (xīxià)
- 膝下猶虛 / 膝下犹虚
- 膝反射
- 膝席
- 膝癢搔背 / 膝痒搔背
- 膝蓋 / 膝盖 (xīgài)
- 膝蓋骨 / 膝盖骨 (xīgàigǔ)
- 膝行 (xīxíng)
- 膝行肘步
- 膝袒
- 膝褲 / 膝裤
- 膝頭 / 膝头 (xītóu)
- 蔽膝 (bìxī)
- 裂裳裹膝
- 護膝 / 护膝 (hùxī)
- 鶴膝 / 鹤膝
- 鶴膝風 / 鹤膝风
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 膝蓋 (“knee”)
References
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 , editor (2022), “膝”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 252.
Japanese
Kanji
膝
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 膝 |
| ひざ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pinsa.
Pronunciation
Noun
References
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 膝 (MC sit).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 시ᇙ〮 (Yale: sílq) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 무룹 (Yale: mwùlwùp) | 슬〮 (Yale: súl) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
- Phonetic hangul:
Hanja
Compounds
References
Vietnamese
Han character
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