膝蓋骨
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See also: 膝盖骨
Chinese
| knee | bone | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (膝蓋骨) | 膝蓋 | 骨 | |
| simp. (膝盖骨) | 膝盖 | 骨 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sat1 goi3 gwat1
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): qid5 goi4 gud5
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sit-kài-kut
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄍㄞˋ ㄍㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sigàigǔ
- Wade–Giles: hsi1-kai4-ku3
- Yale: syī-gài-gǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shigayguu
- Palladius: сигайгу (sigajgu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵ kaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sat1 goi3 gwat1
- Yale: sāt goi gwāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: sat7 goi3 gwat7
- Guangdong Romanization: sed1 goi3 gued1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐt̚⁵ kɔːi̯³³ kʷɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit-kài-kut
- Tâi-lô: sit-kài-kut
- Phofsit Daibuun: sitkae'kud
- IPA (Xiamen): /sit̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹⁻⁵³ kut̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
Noun
膝蓋骨
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 膝蓋骨, 髕骨 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 克膝蓋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 波羅蓋, 膝頭蓋 |
| Hong Kong | 波羅蓋, 膝頭蓋 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 膝頭骨 |
| Yudu | 膝頭蓋 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 跤鏡 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 燈火碗, 跤頭趺骨 |
| Quanzhou | 跤頭趺骨 | |
| Zhangzhou | 燈火碗, 跤頭腕 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 跤頭趺骨 | |
| Haikou | 跤趺骨, 跤趺臍骨 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 膝頭蓋, 膝頭尖, 膝頭 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 腳寶蓋 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 膝頭骨, 髂膝骨 |
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 膝 | 蓋 | 骨 |
| しつ Grade: S |
がい Grade: S |
こつ Grade: 6 |
| kan'on | kan'yōon | kan'on |
Etymology
Compound of 膝蓋 (shitsugai, literally “knee + lid, cap”) + 骨 (kotsu, “bone”).[1][2][3] First cited to a medical terminology list from 1872.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
膝蓋骨 • (shitsugaikotsu)
Usage notes
Both 膝の皿 (hiza no sara) and 膝皿 (hiza sara) are also in use in modern Japanese, with 膝の皿 (hiza no sara) used more frequently of the two. The term 膝蓋骨 (shitsugaikotsu) is somewhat more technical, a bit like English patella compared to kneecap.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “膝蓋骨”, in 日本国語大辞典 (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN