芰
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Translingual
Han character
芰 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿十水 (TJE), four-corner 44407, composition ⿱艹支)
- water caltrop
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1020, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30733
- Dae Jaweon: page 1478, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3178, character 8
- Unihan data for U+82B0
Chinese
| trad. | 芰 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 芰 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 芰 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 支 | *kje |
| 枝 | *kje |
| 肢 | *kje |
| 汥 | *kje, *ɡe, *ɡres |
| 衼 | *kje |
| 馶 | *kje, *qʰjes, *kes, *ɡe |
| 鳷 | *kje |
| 忮 | *kjes |
| 伎 | *kjes, *ɡe, *ɡreʔ |
| 豉 | *ɡjes |
| 翅 | *qʰjes |
| 翄 | *qʰjes, *ɡe |
| 妓 | *kre, *ɡreʔ |
| 庋 | *kreʔ, *kʷreʔ |
| 跂 | *kʰeʔ, *kʰes, *ɡe |
| 蚑 | *kʰes, *ɡe |
| 吱 | *kʰes |
| 岐 | *ɡe |
| 歧 | *ɡe |
| 鬾 | *ɡre, *ɡres |
| 技 | *ɡreʔ |
| 芰 | *ɡres |
| 攱 | *kʷreʔ, *kʷres |
| 庪 | *kʷreʔ |
| 頍 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 屐 | *ɡreɡ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jì
- Wade–Giles: chi4
- Yale: jì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gei6
- Yale: geih
- Cantonese Pinyin: gei6
- Guangdong Romanization: géi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kei̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: gjeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*re-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡres/
Definitions
芰
- (chiefly archaic) water chestnut (Trapa spp.)
- Synonym: 菱 (líng)
- 屈到嗜芰，有疾，召其宗老而屬之，曰：「祭我必以芰。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Guoyu, circa 4th century BCE
- Qū Dào shì jì, yǒu jí, zhào qí zōnglǎo ér zhǔ zhī, yuē: “Jì wǒ bì yǐ jì.”
- Qu Dao was fond of water chestnuts. When he succumbed to illness, he called for his vassal in charge of the ancestral rites, and requested the use of water chestnuts as the sacrificial offering to him after his death.
屈到嗜芰，有疾，召其宗老而属之，曰：「祭我必以芰。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
芰
Readings
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 芰 |
| ひし Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Noun
- Alternative spelling of 菱 (hishi): Trapa natans var. japonica, a species of water caltrop
Korean
Hanja
芰 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
- (마름): water caltrop, (also implausibly) water chestnut
- 1431: 鄕藥採取月令[1] 十二月 (향약채취월령 십이월, hyang-yag-chaechwi-wolryeong sib-iwol):
- 芰實鄕名末栗'"`UNIQ-ref00000014QINU`"' '"`UNIQ-ref00000015QINU`"' (기실향명말밤, gisilhyangmyeongmalbam, "The folk name of the water caltrop fruit is coarse chestnut.")
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1431: 鄕藥採取月令[1] 十二月 (향약채취월령 십이월, hyang-yag-chaechwi-wolryeong sib-iwol):
Synonyms
References
- ^ This was authored by several scholars at the direction of King Sejong of Yi Dynasty, concerning the folk medical herb gathering by month.
- ^ Cited by: 南廣祐 (1997). 敎學古語辭典. 敎學社. p. 538.
- ^ "末栗" is a hanja rendering for 말밤(mal-bam), the origin of 마름(mareum, 菱) "water caltrop, water chestnut," literally, "coarse chestnut" such as "horse-chestnut".