茉莉
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茉莉 (matsuri): a budding jasmine plant, Jasminum sambac.
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (茉莉) | 茉 | 莉 | |
| simp. #(茉莉) | 茉 | 莉 | |
| alternative forms | 末利 抹利 抹麗／抹丽 木莉 Hokkien 苜莉 Hokkien | ||
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit मालती (mālatī, “a kind of jasmine”) or मल्लिका (mallikā, “a kind of jasmine”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): mut6 lei6-2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ma̍t-li
- Eastern Min (BUC): mĕ̤k→maĕ̤h-lê / mĕk→mĕh-lê
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 8meq-li; 8moq-li / 8meq-li6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ ㄌㄧˋ → ㄇㄛˋ ˙ㄌㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: mòli̊
- Wade–Giles: mo4-li5
- Yale: mwò-li
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh.lih
- Palladius: моли (moli)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/ → /mu̯ɔ⁵¹ li¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: mut6 lei6-2
- Yale: muht léi
- Cantonese Pinyin: mut9 lei6-2
- Guangdong Romanization: mud6 léi6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /muːt̚² lei̯²²⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ma̍t-li
- Hakka Romanization System: mad li
- Hagfa Pinyim: mad6 li4
- Sinological IPA: /mat̚⁵ li⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: mĕ̤k→maĕ̤h-lê / mĕk→mĕh-lê
- Sinological IPA (key): /møyʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃ɛi²⁴²/, /mɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃ɛi²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bā-lī
- Tâi-lô: bā-lī
- Phofsit Daibuun: baxli
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ba⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bā-nī
- Tâi-lô: bā-nī
- Phofsit Daibuun: baxni
- IPA (Xiamen): /ba²²⁻²¹ nĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boa̍t-nī
- Tâi-lô: bua̍t-nī
- Phofsit Daibuun: boadni
- IPA (Xiamen): /buat̚⁴⁻³² nĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ba̍k-nī
- Tâi-lô: ba̍k-nī
- Phofsit Daibuun: bagni
- IPA (Xiamen): /bak̚⁴⁻³² nĩ²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /bak̚⁴⁻³² nĩ³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ba̍k-ni
- Tâi-lô: ba̍k-ni
- Phofsit Daibuun: bagny
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /bak̚⁴⁻³² nĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bāng-nī
- Tâi-lô: bāng-nī
- Phofsit Daibuun: baxngni
- IPA (Taipei): /baŋ³³⁻¹¹ nĩ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /baŋ³³⁻²¹ nĩ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /baŋ²²⁻²¹ nĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bāng-mī
- Tâi-lô: bāng-mī
- Phofsit Daibuun: baxngmi
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /baŋ²²⁻²¹ mĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bāu-mī
- Tâi-lô: bāu-mī
- Phofsit Daibuun: bauxmi
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bau²²⁻²¹ mĩ²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: mag8 li6 / bhag8 li6 / muag8 li6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ma̍k lĭ / ba̍k lĭ / mua̍k lĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /mak̚⁴⁻² li³⁵/, /bak̚⁴⁻² li³⁵/, /muak̚⁴⁻² li³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Note:
- mag8 li6 - Chaozhou;
- bhag8 li6 - Chaozhou (historical);
- muag8 li6 - Chaoyang, Chenghai, Huilai, Jieyang, Puning, Raoping, Shantou.
- Middle Chinese: mat lej
Noun
茉莉
- (white) jasmine (flower) (any of several plants, of the genus Jasminum, mostly native to Asia, having fragrant white or yellow flowers)
- perfume obtained from these plants
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Peyraube, Alain. "Ancient Chinese." The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages. Ed. Roger D. Woodard. Cambridge UP, 2004. 1012.
- Duffus, William (1883) “jasmine”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 157
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 茉 | 莉 |
| まつ Jinmeiyō |
り Jinmeiyō |
| goon | kan'yōon |
From Middle Chinese 茉莉 (MC mat lej), from Sanskrit मालती (mālatī) or मल्लिका (mallikā).
Pronunciation
Noun
- Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac)
- (more generally) any plant of the genus Jasminum
Usage notes
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as マツリ.
Synonyms
- ジャスミン (jasumin)
Derived terms
Derived terms
Proper noun
- (rare) a female given name
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 茉 | 莉 |
| まり | |
| Jinmeiyō | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun | |
Borrowed from English Mary. The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- a female given name from English
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 茉 | 莉 |
| まりい | |
| Jinmeiyō | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun | |
Borrowed from English Marie. The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
- (rare) a female given name from English
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 茉 | 莉 |
| じゃすみん | |
| Jinmeiyō | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun | |
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 茉 | 莉 |
| じゃずみん | |
| Jinmeiyō | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun | |
Borrowed from English Jasmine. The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).
Pronunciation
Proper noun
茉莉 or 茉莉 or 茉莉 or 茉莉 • (Jasumin or Jazumin)
- (rare) a female given name from English
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN