菁菁

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Chinese

		flower of leek	flower of leek
trad. (菁菁)		菁	菁
simp. ^#(菁菁)		菁	菁

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīngjīng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥㄐㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zing¹ zing¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-chheng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīngjīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥㄐㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jingjing
  - Wade–Giles: ching¹-ching¹
  - Yale: jīng-jīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingjing
  - Palladius: цзинцзин (czinczin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    京京
    晶晶
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zing¹ zing¹
  - Yale: jīng jīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzing¹ dzing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jing¹ jing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-chheng
  - Tâi-lô: tshing-tshing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhengzhefng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ t͡sʰiɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/

Adjective

菁菁

(literary) luxuriant; exuberant; lush
- 菁菁者莪，在彼中阿。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Jīngjīng zhě é, zài bǐ zhōng ē.
  Luxuriantly grows the aster-southernwood, in the midst of that large mound.

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