菊

Translingual

Han character

菊 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 4492₇, composition ⿱艹匊)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1037, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153
• Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3238, character 1
• Unihan data for U+83CA

• Unihan data for U+2F9A1

Chinese

Wikipedia has an article on:

• 菊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 菊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuɡ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 鞠 (ball)?”)

Pronunciation

Definitions

菊

1. (literary, or in compounds) chrysanthemum
2. (in compounds) A plant of Asteraceae or with chrysanthemum-like flowers

   雛菊／雏菊  ―  chújú  ―  Bellis perennis

   松葉菊／松叶菊  ―  sōngyèjú  ―  Lampranthus spectabilis

3. (informal, euphemistic) anus; asshole
   • 2021 April, 蔡戴梅, “【科普】“菊花”残，满心伤，你的痛苦我知道”, in 仁医报‎, number 103, page 3:

     与其为得了痔疮而懊恼，为痔疮术后一次次换药而伤神，不如现在就摈弃不良的生活方式，好好呵护自己的“菊花”，做好“护菊”口诀 [MSC, simp.]
     與其為得了痔瘡而懊惱，為痔瘡術後一次次換藥而傷神，不如現在就擯棄不良的生活方式，好好呵護自己的“菊花”，做好“護菊”口訣 [MSC, trad.]

     Yǔqí wèi déle zhìchuāng ér àonǎo, wèi zhìchuāng shù hòu yīcìcì huàn yào ér shāngshén, bùrú xiànzài jiù bìnqì bùliáng de shēnghuófāngshì, hǎohāo hēhù zìjǐ de “júhuā”, zuòhǎo “hù jú” kǒujué

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2022 July 8, 朕說·黃桑, 《朕說怪奇百科：人類篇》, Taipei: 時報文化出版, →ISBN, page 276:

     喂，110嗎，有人虐菊！ [MSC, trad.]
     喂，110吗，有人虐菊！ [MSC, simp.]

     Wéi, 110 ma, yǒurén nüè jú!

     Hello, is it 110? Someone is abusing their butthole!

4. a surname: Ju

Synonyms

• (chrysanthemum):

• (anus):

Compounds

Descendants

References

• “菊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
• Nanori: あき (aki); ひ (hi)

Etymology

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

キク

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Chrysanthemum

Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese 菊 (MC kjuwk).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きく​ (Odaka – )
• (Tokyo) きく (Heiban – )
• IPA^(key):

Noun

菊(きく) or 菊(キク) • (kiku) 

1. (botany) a chrysanthemum

   Synonyms: 河原薺蒿 (kawara ohagi), 河原艾 (kawara yomogi)

2. a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a chrysanthemum flower design
3. Short for 菊襲 (kikugasane): a type of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “garment-layering color combination”) with white on the front and purple/sappanwood red on the back
4. a loop in the shape of a chrysanthemum flower
5. Short for 菊腸 (kikuwata): the intestines of a cod, resembling that of a chrysanthemum flower
6. (card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of September

   Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐

7. in a 京阪 (Keihan) vegetable market, a sign representing the number 9
8. (euphemistic) the anus

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キク.

Derived terms

Proper noun

菊(きく) • (Kiku) 

1. a female given name

References

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 菊 (MC kjuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 국〮 (kwúk) (Yale: kwuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

菊

Wikisource

菊 (eumhun 국화 국 (gukhwa guk))

1. Hanja form^? of 국 (“chrysanthemum”).

Compounds

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

菊: Hán Nôm readings: cúc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.