薺
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薺 (nazuna): the flower of the shepherd's purse.
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Translingual
| Traditional | 薺 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai (extended) |
萕 |
| Simplified | 荠 |
Han character
薺 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+14, 20 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜難 (TYX), four-corner 44223, composition ⿱艹齊)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1063, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32208
- Dae Jaweon: page 1527, character 34
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3315, character 11
- Unihan data for U+85BA
Chinese
| trad. | 薺 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 荠 | |
Glyph origin
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 儕 | *zriːl |
| 麡 | *zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl |
| 齋 | *ʔsriːl |
| 穧 | *ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls |
| 擠 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
| 躋 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
| 齏 | *ʔsliːl |
| 齎 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔslil |
| 櫅 | *ʔsliːl |
| 齌 | *ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls |
| 隮 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
| 賷 | *ʔsliːl |
| 虀 | *ʔsliːl |
| 濟 | *ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls |
| 癠 | *ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls |
| 霽 | *ʔsliːls |
| 齊 | *zliːl, *zliːls |
| 臍 | *zliːl |
| 蠐 | *zliːl, *zlil |
| 懠 | *zliːl, *zliːls |
| 薺 | *zliːlʔ, *zlil |
| 鱭 | *zliːlʔ |
| 嚌 | *zliːls |
| 劑 | *zliːls, *ʔslel |
| 齍 | *ʔslil |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zliːlʔ, *zlil) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cai5
- Eastern Min (BUC): cī
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chē / ché
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zhi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jì
- Wade–Giles: chi4
- Yale: jì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cai5
- Yale: cháih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsai5
- Guangdong Romanization: cei5
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐi̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: dzejX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*dzˤjʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*zliːlʔ/
Definitions
薺
Compounds
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cai4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhì
- Jin (Wiktionary): qi3 / qi1
- Eastern Min (BUC): sì
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chî / chê
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zhi
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zi4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cí
- Wade–Giles: chʻi2
- Yale: chí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
- Palladius: ци (ci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cai4
- Yale: chàih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsai4
- Guangdong Romanization: cei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhì
- Hakka Romanization System: qiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qi2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qi3 / qi1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/, /t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sì
- Sinological IPA (key): /si⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- chî - vernacular;
- chê - literary.
Definitions
薺
Compounds
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
- Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ2
- Yale: tsź
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
- Palladius: цы (cy)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ci4
- Yale: chìh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsi4
- Guangdong Romanization: qi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: dzij
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*zlil/
Definitions
薺
- Alternative form of 茨 (cí, “Tribulus terrestris”)
Japanese
| 萕 | |
| 薺 |
Kanji
薺
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 萕)
Readings
- Go-on: ざい (zai)←ざい (zai, historical)、じ (ji)←じ (zi, historical)
- Kan-on: せい (sei)←せい (sei, historical)、し (shi)←し (si, historical)
- Kun: なずな (nazuna, 薺)←なづな (naduna, 薺, historical)、ひとしい (hitoshii, 薺しい)、ととのえる (totonoeru, 薺える)
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 薺 |
| なずな Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
/nad͡zuna/ > /nazuna/
Unclear. There are two leading theories, based on older form nadzuna:
- May be derived from natsu na, as in 夏 (natsu, “summer”) + 無 (na, “missing, gone”), from the way the plant dies back in the summer.
- May be derived from nadzuru na, as in 撫づる (nadzuru, “to pet, to pat, to stroke”, the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of Old Japanese verb 撫づ nadzu, modern Japanese 撫でる naderu) + 菜 (na, “edible greens”), from the way the flower clusters may invite handling.
Pronunciation
Noun
薺 or 薺 • (nazuna) ←なづな (naduna)?
Usage notes
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナズナ.
Derived terms
References
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
薺 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che, Yale cey)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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