蘇る

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
蘇
よみがえ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
甦る

Etymology

From the classical yodan katsuyō verb yomigaheru, itself derived from 黄泉 (yomi, “land of the dead, underworld”) + 帰る (kaeru, “to return”).[1][2] The kaeru changes to gaeru as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「蘇る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		蘇る よみがえる
Imperative (命令形) 蘇れ よみがえれ
Key constructions
Passive 蘇られる よみがえられる
Causative 蘇らせる よみがえらせる
Potential 蘇れる よみがえれる
Volitional 蘇ろう よみがえろー
Negative 蘇らない よみがえらない
Negative perfective 蘇らなかった よみがえらなかった
Formal 蘇ります よみがえります
Perfective 蘇った よみがえった
Conjunctive 蘇って よみがえって
Hypothetical conditional 蘇れば よみがえれば

Verb

蘇(よみがえ)る • (yomigaeru) ←よみがへる (yomigaferu)?intransitive godan (stem 蘇(よみがえ)り (yomigaeri), past 蘇(よみがえ)った (yomigaetta))

  1. to be reborn, reanimated, resurrected, or resuscitated
    Synonyms: 生き返る (ikikaeru), 蘇す (sosu), 蘇生する (sosei suru)
    • 1999 September 23, “鎧(よろい)武(む)者(しゃ)ゾンビ [Armored Musha Zombie]”, in Vol.5, Konami:
      怨(おん)念(ねん)により蘇(よみがえ)った武(む)者(しゃ)。闇(やみ)雲(くも)にふりまわすカタナに注(ちゅう)意(い)。
      Onnen ni yori yomigaetta musha. Yamikumo ni furimawasu katana ni chūi.
      A musha reanimated by deep hatred. Watch out when he brandishes his katana.
    • 1999 October 17, “ドラゴン・ゾンビ [Dragon Zombie]”, in BOOSTER 5, Konami:
      魔(ま)力(りょく)により蘇(よみがえ)ったドラゴン。はく息(いき)は触(ふ)れるものを腐(ふ)食(しょく)させる。
      Maryoku ni yori yomigaetta doragon. Hakuiki wa fureru mono o fushoku saseru.
      A dragon reanimated by magical forces. Its breath can corrode anything it touches.
  2. to become more active after declining

Conjugation

Conjugation of "蘇る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 蘇ら よみがえら yomigaera
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 蘇り よみがえり yomigaeri
Shūshikei ("terminal") 蘇る よみがえる yomigaeru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 蘇る よみがえる yomigaeru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 蘇れ よみがえれ yomigaere
Meireikei ("imperative") 蘇れ よみがえれ yomigaere
Key constructions
Passive 蘇られる よみがえられる yomigaerareru
Causative 蘇らせる
蘇らす 		よみがえらせる
よみがえらす 		yomigaeraseru
yomigaerasu
Potential 蘇れる よみがえれる yomigaereru
Volitional 蘇ろう よみがえろう yomigaerō
Negative 蘇らない よみがえらない yomigaeranai
Negative continuative 蘇らず よみがえらず yomigaerazu
Formal 蘇ります よみがえります yomigaerimasu
Perfective 蘇った よみがえった yomigaetta
Conjunctive 蘇って よみがえって yomigaette
Hypothetical conditional 蘇れば よみがえれば yomigaereba

Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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