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Chinese

Shu broomcorn millet; glutinous millet
trad. (蜀黍)
simp. #(蜀黍)
Literally:Shu millet”.
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Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (25) (26)
Final () (8) (22)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter dzyowk syoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑɨok̚/ /ɕɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑuawk̚/ /ɕɨə̆X/
Li
Rong
/ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Wang
Li
/ʑĭwok̚/ /ɕĭoX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʑi̯wok̚/ /ɕi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shú shǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
suk6 syu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shǔ shǔ
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzyowk › ‹ syoX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ok/ /*s-tʰaʔ/
English caterpillar; Shu Panicum miliaceum, glutinous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11842 11800
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*djoɡ/ /*hljaʔ/
Notes

Noun

蜀黍

  1. sorghum
  2. (slang) alternative form of 叔叔 (uncle) (term of address for older men, especially those with unacceptable sexual habits)

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle Korean: 슈슈 (sywusywu)

Further reading

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
もろこし
Hyōgai Hyōgai
jukujikun
Alternative spelling
唐黍
 モロコシ on Japanese Wikipedia
もろこし (morokoshi, sorghum)

Clipping of 唐黍(もろこしきび) (morokoshi kibi), with the shortened reading then re-applied to the entire original kanji compounds 唐黍 and 蜀黍.

Pronunciation

Noun

蜀黍(もろこし) or 蜀黍(モロコシ) (morokoshi

  1. sorghum, Sorghum bicolor
    Synonyms: 唐黍 (morokoshi kibi), 唐黍 (tōkibi), 高黍 (takakibi), 蜀黍 (shokusho)
  2. short for 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi, maize, corn (especially corn on the cob))
Usage notes

The term 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi) is more common for the maize sense.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
もろこし
Hyōgai
きび
Hyōgai
irregular kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
唐黍
For pronunciation and definitions of 蜀黍 – see the following entry.
唐黍もろこしきび
synonym of 蜀黍 (morokoshi, sorghum, Sorghum bicolor)
(This term, 蜀黍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
しょく
Hyōgai
しょ
Hyōgai
kan'on

From Middle Chinese compound 蜀黍 (MC dzyowk syoX, literally “Shu (old place name) + millet”). The ancient state of Shu is roughly analogous to modern Sichuan province.

This reading appears to be rare, and may be obsolete.

Pronunciation

Noun

(しょく)(しょ) (shokusho

  1. (rare, possibly obsolete) sorghum

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN