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U+8986, 覆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8986

CJK Unified Ideographs

U+FAB7, 覆
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAB7

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 146, +12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 一田竹人水 (MWHOE), four-corner 10247, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1129, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34789
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1598, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2808, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+8986

Chinese

trad.
simp. /*
2nd round simp.
alternative forms
覆 is simplified to 复 only in meanings of "to return/reply". In other meanings, 覆 keeps the same form.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Qin slip script Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *buɡs, *buɡ).

Pronunciation


Note: fau6 - variant in 覆蓋覆盖.
Note:
  • phak - vernacular (“to flip; to lie on one's stomach; to press close to”);
  • hok - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
Initial () (2) (3) (2) (2)
Final () (136) (136) (4) (131)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Open
Division () III III III I
Fanqie
Baxter phjuwH bjuwH phjuwk phok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pʰɨuH/ /bɨuH/ /pʰɨuk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/pʰiuH/ /biuH/ /pʰiuk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/pʰiəuH/ /biəuH/ /pʰiuk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pʰuwH/ /buwH/ /pʰuwk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Li
Rong
/pʰiuH/ /biuH/ /pʰiuk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Wang
Li
/pʰĭəuH/ /bĭəuH/ /pʰĭuk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pʰi̯ə̯uH/ /bʱi̯ə̯uH/ /pʰi̯uk̚/ /pʰək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fòu fòu fu po
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fau3 fau6 fuk1 pak1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ phjuwH › ‹ phjuwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*pʰ(r)uk-s/ /*pʰ(r)uk/
English cover turn over

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
No. 3536 3540 3541 3548
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pʰuɡs/ /*buɡs/ /*pʰɯːɡ/ /*pʰuɡ/

Definitions

  1. to cover
  2. to tip over; to overturn; to flip over
    過來 [Hokkien, trad.]
    过来 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Tiáⁿ phak kè-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The wok flipped over.
  3. (obsolete) to pour out
  4. to return (simplifies to )
  5. to reply (simplifies to )
    email [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    nei5 fuk1 zo2 keoi5 fung1 email mei6?
    Have you replied to his email yet?
  6. to destroy; to overturn; to perish
      ―  miè  ―  to perish
  7. again
    alt. forms: ()
  8. (Hokkien) to lie on one's stomach; to rest one's body on a surface
  9. (Mainland China Hokkien) to press close to; to nestle up against

Usage notes

was always simplified to in 1964-1986, but now it still simplifies to only in the meaning of "to return/reply". So words like 答覆, 反覆 and 回覆 still simplify to 答复, 反复 and 回复 in Simplified Chinese respectively. But in other meanings, no longer simplifies to , e.g. 翻覆, 覆蓋, 顛覆, 傾覆, 覆轍.

Synonyms

  • (to lie on one's stomach): ()
  • (to press close to):

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai

覆󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
覆󠄄
+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. capsize, cover, shade, mantle, be ruined

Readings

From Middle Chinese (MC phjuwk); compare Mandarin ():

From Middle Chinese (MC phjuwH); compare Mandarin ():

From Middle Chinese (MC bjuwH); compare Mandarin ():

From native Japanese roots:

References

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1939 (paper), page 1021 (digital)

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 다시 (dasi bok))

  1. Hanja form? of (again).

(eumhun 덮을 (deopeul bu))

  1. Hanja form? of (cover).
  2. Hanja form? of (tip over).
  3. Hanja form? of (return).
  4. Hanja form? of (reply).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: phú, phủ, phúc

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