証

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See also: 证 and 證
証 U+8A3C, 証
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A3C
← 註
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 訽 →

Translingual

Traditional 證
Shinjitai 証
Simplified 证

Han character

証 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜口一卜一 (YRMYM), four-corner 01611, composition ⿰訁正)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1152, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35341
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1619, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3951, character 17
  • Unihan data for U+8A3C

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (正) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
綻 *rdeːns
淀 *deːns
靛 *deːns
症 *tjɯŋs
竀 *rtʰeːŋ, *tʰeŋ
征 *tjeŋ
怔 *tjeŋ
正 *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs
鉦 *tjeŋ
鴊 *tjeŋ, *tjeŋs
眐 *tjeŋ
佂 *tjeŋ
整 *tjeŋʔ
政 *tjeŋs
証 *tjeŋs
定 *teːŋs, *deːŋs
顁 *teːŋs
錠 *teːŋs, *deːŋʔ, *deːŋs
掟 *deːŋs

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 証 – see 證 (“to prove; to testify; to verify; proof; evidence; etc.”).
(This character is the former (1969–1976) Singaporean simplified and variant form of 證).
Notes:

Etymology 2

trad. 証
simp. 证*

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 証
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 清 (121)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 之盛切
Baxter tsyengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiᴇŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɛŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕiæŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ciajŋH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiɛŋH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭɛŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zing3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 証
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhèng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyengH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*teŋ-s/
English remonstrate

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 証
Reading # 1/1
No. 17179
Phonetic
component 		正
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		政
Old
Chinese 		/*tjeŋs/

Definitions

証

  1. (literary) to admonish
Synonyms
  • (to admonish): 諍／诤 (zhèng)

References

Japanese

Kanji

証

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to admonish

Readings

Kanji

Shinjitai

証

Kyūjitai

證
証

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 證)

  1. prove, verify

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
証
あかし
Grade: 5
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
證 (kyūjitai)
証し
證し

From the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”).

Pronunciation

Noun

証(あかし) • (akashi) 

  1. proof, evidence, testimony
    Synonyms: 証拠 (shōko), 証明 (shōmei), 証 (shō)
    友(ゆう)情(じょう)の証(あかし)
    yūjō no akashi
    symbol of friendship

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
証
しょう
Grade: 5
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
證 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 證 (MC tsyingH)

Pronunciation

Noun

証(しょう) • (shō) 

  1. proof, verification
    Synonyms: 証拠 (shōko), 証 (akashi)
    • 1889, 三遊亭圓朝, edited by 鈴木行三, 霧陰伊香保湯煙‎, 新字新仮名 edition, 青空文庫:
      警(けい)「先(せん)方(ぽう)から先(さき)に手(て)出(だ)しをした証(しょう)があるか」
      Kei “Senpō kara saki ni tedashi o shita shō ga aru ka”
      Police captain: “Do you have proof that the other party put his hands on you first?”
  2. (Buddhism) enlightenment
  3. (traditional Chinese medicine) symptoms

Korean

Hanja

証 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

証: Hán Nôm readings: chứng, chống, chững, chừng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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