試

Translingual

Han character

試 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口戈心一 (YRIPM), four-corner 0364₀, composition ⿰訁式)

Derived characters

• 𤀏

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1157, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35415
• Dae Jaweon: page 1622, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3960, character 12
• Unihan data for U+8A66

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljɯɡs) : semantic 言 + phonetic 式 (OC *hljɯɡ).

Etymology

Exoactive form of 式 (shì, “to use, to make use of”), with a causative s/h-suffix (Schuessler, 2007, p. 466).

Pronunciation

Definitions

試

1. to test

   我唔係𨃩你，想試下你啫。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我唔系𨃩你，想试下你啫。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ m⁴ hai⁶ sin³ nei⁵, soeng² si³ haa⁵ nei⁵ ze¹.

   I'm not trapping you, just testing you.

2. to try; to experiment

   試下呢個方法 [Cantonese, trad.]
   试下呢个方法 [Cantonese, simp.]

   si³ haa⁵ ni¹ go³ fong¹ faat³

   to try out this method

3. test; examination (Classifier: 個／个 c)

   我考埋呢個試就放假喇。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我考埋呢个试就放假喇。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ haau² maai⁴ ni¹ go³ si⁵ zau⁶ fong³ gaa³ laa³.

   After taking this exam, I'll be on vacation.

4. (dialectal) to taste; to try

   我切嚿蛋糕畀你試吖。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我切嚿蛋糕畀你试吖。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ cit³ gau⁶ daan⁶ gou¹ bei² nei⁵ si³ aa¹.

   Let me cut a piece of cake for you to try.

Synonyms

• (to try):

• (to taste):

Compounds

Descendants

• → Vietnamese: thử (“to try, to test”), thi (“to take an exam”)

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. trial
2. experiment

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: ためす (tamesu, 試す, Jōyō); こころみる (kokoromiru, 試みる, Jōyō)

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 試 (MC syiH). Recorded as Middle Korean 시 (si) (Yale: si) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (in 試合 and 試驗):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
• (to test; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

試

Wikisource

試 (eumhun 시험할 시 (siheomhal si))

1. Hanja form^? of 시 (“to test; to try”).
2. Hanja form^? of 시 (“test; trial; examination”).
3. Hanja form^? of 시 (“experiment”).

Compounds

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

試: Hán Việt readings: thí
試: Nôm readings: thi, thía, thử

1. chữ Hán form of thí (“to experiment”).
2. Nôm form of thử (“to try, to test something”).
3. Nôm form of thi (“to take and exam, to compete; exam, trial, competition”).

References