Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
貧. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
貧, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
貧 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
貧 you have here. The definition of the word
貧 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
貧, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
貧 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹金 (CSHC), four-corner 80806, composition ⿱分貝)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36677
- Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3628, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8CA7
Chinese
Glyph origin
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 扮
|
*prɯːns, *hmroːlʔ, *pɯn, *pɯnʔ
|
| 盼
|
*pʰrɯːns
|
| 頒
|
*praːn, *bɯn
|
| 朌
|
*praːn, *bɯn
|
| 鳻
|
*praːn, *bɯn
|
| 份
|
*prɯn, *bɯns
|
| 汃
|
*pʰreːd, *prɯn
|
| 玢
|
*prɯn
|
| 邠
|
*prɯn
|
| 攽
|
*prɯn
|
| 砏
|
*prɯn, *pʰrɯn, *pʰɯn
|
| 貧
|
*brɯn
|
| 湓
|
*pʰɯːns, *bɯːn, *pʰɯns
|
| 盆
|
*bɯːn
|
| 葐
|
*bɯːn, *bɯn, *bɯn
|
| 坌
|
*bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
|
| 坋
|
*bɯːns, *bɯnʔ, *bɯns
|
| 分
|
*pɯn, *bɯns
|
| 吩
|
*pɯn
|
| 粉
|
*pɯnʔ
|
| 黺
|
*pɯnʔ
|
| 芬
|
*pʰɯn
|
| 紛
|
*pʰɯn
|
| 衯
|
*pʰɯn
|
| 棻
|
*pʰɯn, *bɯn
|
| 氛
|
*pʰɯn, *bɯn
|
| 雰
|
*pʰɯn
|
| 忿
|
*pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯnʔ
|
| 魵
|
*pʰɯnʔ, *pʰɯns, *bɯn, *bɯnʔ
|
| 汾
|
*bɯn
|
| 羒
|
*bɯn
|
| 枌
|
*bɯn
|
| 棼
|
*bɯn
|
| 妢
|
*bɯn
|
| 梤
|
*bɯn
|
| 馚
|
*bɯn
|
| 鼢
|
*bɯn, *bɯnʔ
|
| 蚡
|
*bɯn, *bɯnʔ
|
| 弅
|
*bɯnʔ
|
| 秎
|
*bɯns
|
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *brɯn) : phonetic 分 (OC *pɯn, *bɯns, “divide”) + semantic 貝 (“money”) – to divide one's money.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-b(u/i)l (“poor”); cognate with Tibetan དབུལ (dbul, “poor”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan
- Hakka
- Jin
- Northern Min
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Tainan, Magong)
Note:
- Quanzhou:
- pîn - literary;
- pân - vernacular.
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
貧
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
pín
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ bin ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*rə/
|
| English
|
poor
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
貧
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
3140
|
Phonetic
component
|
分
|
Rime
group
|
文
|
Rime
subdivision
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
貧
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*brɯn/
|
Definitions
貧
- poor; impoverished; destitute
出自北門，憂心殷殷。終窶且貧，莫知我艱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
出自北门，忧心殷殷。终窭且贫，莫知我艰。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Chū zì běimén, yōuxīn yīnyīn. Zhōng jù qiě pín, mò zhī wǒ jiān.
- I go out at the north gate, with my heart full of sorrow. Straitened am I and poor, and no one takes knowledge of my distress.
貧而無怨，難。富而無驕，易。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
贫而无怨，难。富而无骄，易。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Pín ér wú yuàn, nán. Fù ér wú jiāo, yì.
- To be poor without murmuring is difficult. To be rich without being proud is easy.
- to lack; to be deficient in; to be short of
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
貧窮 (“poor; impoverished; poverty-striken”)
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
貧, 窮
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
窮, 貧窮, 窮困, 貧困, 赤貧, 貧乏, 貧苦, 貧寒, 苦寒
|
| Mandarin
|
Taiwan
|
窮, 貧窮
|
| Yantai (Muping)
|
窮
|
| Luoyang
|
窮
|
| Wanrong
|
窮
|
| Xi'an
|
窮
|
| Yinchuan
|
窮
|
| Chengdu
|
苦寒
|
| Nanjing
|
窮
|
| Singapore
|
窮, 貧窮, 窮苦
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
窮
|
| Hong Kong
|
窮
|
| Taishan
|
窮
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
窮
|
| Pingxiang
|
窮
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
窮
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
窮
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
窮無
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
窮
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
宋凶, 㾪赤, 窮㾪, 窮赤, 赤窮, 赤
|
| Quanzhou
|
宋凶, 窮赤, 赤窮, 赤
|
| Hui'an
|
窮赤
|
| Zhangzhou
|
宋凶, 散, 散赤, 赤
|
| Tainan
|
散, 散赤, 散食, 散凶, 窮赤, 窮散, 窮苦
|
| Raoping
|
磽
|
| Shantou
|
窮, 磽
|
| Jieyang
|
窮, 磽
|
| Leizhou
|
窮, 蒯
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
窮
|
| Suzhou
|
窮
|
| Danyang
|
窮
|
| Hangzhou
|
窮
|
| Jinhua
|
倒灶
|
- 不夠／不够 (bùgòu)
- 不敷 (bùfū) (literary)
- 不滿／不满 (bùmǎn)
- 不足 (bùzú)
- 乏達／乏达 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 匱乏／匮乏 (kuìfá)
- 欠 (qiàn)
- 欠缺 (qiànquē)
- 短少 (duǎnshǎo)
- 短缺 (duǎnquē)
- 絕乏／绝乏 (juéfá) (literary)
- 缺乏 (quēfá)
- 缺如 (quērú) (literary)
- 缺少 (quēshǎo)
- 缺欠 (quēqiàn)
- 缺缺 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 虧／亏 (kuī)
- 闕乏／阙乏 (quēfá) (literary)
- 闕如／阙如 (quērú) (literary)
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “poor”): 富 (fù)
Etymology 2
The same word as 頻／频 (pín, “frequent”) (Xu, 1990).
Pronunciation
Definitions
貧
- (colloquial) garrulous; talkative
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
貧
(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)
- poverty
Readings
Korean
Hanja
貧 (eumhun 가난할 빈 (gananhal bin))
- Hanja form? of 빈 (“poverty”).
Compounds
