起きる

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Japanese

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese 起く (oku), following 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, upper bigrade conjugation), from Proto-Japonic *əku.

First cited to the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「起きる
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
起きる
Imperative (命令形) 起きろ
Key constructions
Passive 起きられる きられ
Causative 起きさせる きさせ
Potential 起きられる きられ
Volitional 起きよう きよ
Negative 起きない ない
Negative perfective 起きなかった なかった
Formal 起きます きま
Perfective 起きた きた
Conjunctive 起きて きて
Hypothetical conditional 起きれば れば

Verb

()きる (okiruintransitive ichidan (stem () (oki), past ()きた (okita))

Japanese verb pair
active 起こす
mediopassive 起きる
  1. to wake up
    • 2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “(だい)61(ろくじゅういち)() (いと)しきものの(ため) [Chapter 61: All for Our Loved Ones]”, in (とう)(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, page 59:
      ()きてよ 風使(かぜつか)いのにーちゃん!こんなことで()てるとカゼひいちゃうよ
      Okite yo Kazetsukai no nī-chan! Konna koto de neteru to kaze hiichau yo
      Wake up, brother Wind Master! You’ll catch a cold if you keep sleeping like this
  2. to stay up, to stay awake
  3. to get up, to sit up
  4. to occur, to happen

Conjugation

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.