起立

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Chinese

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 起 立
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 之 (19) 緝 (141)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 墟里切 力入切
Baxter khiX lip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰɨX/ /liɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰɨX/ /lip̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰieX/ /ljep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰɨX/ /lip̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰiəX/ /liəp̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰĭəX/ /lĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰiX/ /li̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qǐ lì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hei2 lap6

Etymology 1

to stand up to stand
trad. (起立) 起 立
simp. #(起立) 起 立

Verb

起立

  1. (intransitive) to stand up; to rise
    全體起立！／全体起立！  ―  Quántǐ qǐlì!  ―  All rise!
    起立鼓掌  ―  qǐlì gǔzhǎng  ―  to give a standing ovation
Synonyms
Antonyms

Etymology 2

to build to set up
trad. (起立) 起 立
simp. #(起立) 起 立

Verb

起立

  1. (transitive) to build; to construct
Synonyms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
起 立
き
Grade: 3 		りつ
Grade: 1
on'yomi

Noun

起(き)立(りつ) • (kiritsu) 

  1. standing up
    起(き)立(りつ)を求(もと)められた。
    Kiritsu o motomerareta.
    We were asked to stand.
    全(ぜん)員(いん)起(き)立(りつ)！
    Zen'in kiritsu!
    All rise!

Verb

起(き)立(りつ)する • (kiritsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 起(き)立(りつ)し (kiritsu shi), past 起(き)立(りつ)した (kiritsu shita))

  1. to stand up; to rise

Conjugation

Conjugation of "起立する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 起立し きりつし kiritsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 起立し きりつし kiritsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 起立する きりつする kiritsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 起立する きりつする kiritsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 起立すれ きりつすれ kiritsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 起立せよ¹
起立しろ² 		きりつせよ¹
きりつしろ² 		kiritsu seyo¹
kiritsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 起立される きりつされる kiritsu sareru
Causative 起立させる
起立さす 		きりつさせる
きりつさす 		kiritsu saseru
kiritsu sasu
Potential 起立できる きりつできる kiritsu dekiru
Volitional 起立しよう きりつしよう kiritsu shiyō
Negative 起立しない きりつしない kiritsu shinai
Negative continuative 起立せず きりつせず kiritsu sezu
Formal 起立します きりつします kiritsu shimasu
Perfective 起立した きりつした kiritsu shita
Conjunctive 起立して きりつして kiritsu shite
Hypothetical conditional 起立すれば きりつすれば kiritsu sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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